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La necesaria evolución de la cibermetría

Authors: Aguillo, Isidro F.;

La necesaria evolución de la cibermetría

Abstract

[ES] Se explica la génesis, relaciones disciplinares y principales aplicaciones de la cibermetría y la webometría, para luego pasar a discutir la situación actual respecto a los métodos utilizados hasta la fecha para la extracción de información e indicadores web de fuentes de acceso público. Se realiza un análisis comparado de tres técnicas para medir el prestigio, impacto o visibilidad de instituciones académicas, que incluyen: 1) la encuesta, limitada por su subjetividad y pequeños tamaños poblacionales, 2) el análisis de citas, también lastrado por poblaciones reducidas pero que ofrece más fiabilidad por tratarse de opiniones de pares, y 3) el análisis de enlaces. Se considera el análisis de enlaces la piedra angular de la webometría y se valora los grandes números involucrados, defendiéndose que ello permite identificar patrones a pesar de ser el método más “ruidoso” debido a la riqueza y diversidad de las motivaciones para vincular. Se informa de la desafortunada desaparición de la principal fuente de información sobre enlaces, el servicio Yahoo Site Explorer, lo que obligará a un replanteamiento de las técnicas y la búsqueda de fuentes alternativas de este valioso tipo de datos. Se estudian distintas alternativas como el uso de menciones, tales como títulos, nombres de instituciones o personas, y la llamada mención o cita URL, discutiendo sus ventajas e inconvenientes. Se señala que esta nueva aproximación es especialmente útil para las herramientas de la Web 2.0.

[EN] The origins, disciplinary relationships and main applications of cybermetrics and webometrics are explained, in order to proceed to a discussion of the current situation regarding the methods used for extracting web information and indicators from publicly available sources. We performed a comparative analysis of three techniques to measure the prestige, impact or visibility of academic institutions, including: 1) the survey, limited by its subjectivity and small sample sizes, 2) citation analysis, also hampered by small populations but which offers more reliability because it relies on peer opinions, and 3) link analysis. Link analysis is considered the cornerstone of webometrics and the large numbers involved is to be appreciated. It can identify patterns despite being the method that is most “noisy” because of the richness and diversity of motivations for linking. The unfortunate demise of Yahoo Site Explorer, the main source of information on links, is reported and its absence will force a rethinking of the techniques and a search for alternative sources of this valuable type of data. Some alternatives are studied, including the use of mentions such as titles, names of institutions or individuals and so-called reference or quote URLs, and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. It is noted that this new approach is especially useful for web 2.0 tools.

Peer reviewed

Keywords

Links analysis, Webometría, Cybermetrics, Search engines, Análisis de enlaces, Mentions, Menciones, Webometrics, Buscadores de búsqueda, Menciones de urls, Cibermetría, Url mentions

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download
selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
views
OpenAIRE UsageCountsViews provided by UsageCounts
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