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Astronomy & Astrophysics
Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/ar...
Article . 2024
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Article . 2024
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Astronomy and Astrophysics
Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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Molecular isotopologue measurements toward super star clusters and the relation to their ages in NGC 253 with ALCHEMI

Authors: J. Butterworth; S. Viti; P. P. Van der Werf; J. G. Mangum; S. Martín; N. Harada; K. L. Emig; +14 Authors

Molecular isotopologue measurements toward super star clusters and the relation to their ages in NGC 253 with ALCHEMI

Abstract

Context. Determining the evolution of the CNO isotopes in the interstellar medium (ISM) of starburst galaxies can yield important constraints on the ages of super star clusters (SSCs), or on other aspects and factors contributing to their evolution, such as the initial mass function (IMF). Due to the time-dependent nature of the abundances of isotopes within the ISM – as they are supplied from processes such as nucleosynthesis or chemical fractionation –, this provides the opportunity to test whether or not isotope ratios trace the ages of highly star-forming regions, such as SSCs. Aims. The goal of this study is to investigate whether the isotopic variations in SSC regions within NGC 253 are correlated with their different ages as derived from stellar population modelling. Methods. We measured abundance ratios of CO, HCN, and HCO+ isotopologues in six regions containing SSCs within NGC 253 using high-spatial-resolution (1.6″, ∼28 pc) data from the ALCHEMI (ALma Comprehensive High-resolution Extragalactic Molecular Inventory) ALMA Large program. We then analysed these ratios using RADEX radiative transfer modelling, with the parameter space sampled using the nested sampling Monte Carlo algorithm MLFriends. These abundance ratios were then compared to ages predicted in each region via the fitting of observed star-formation tracers (such as Brγ) to Starburst99 starburst stellar population evolution models. Results. We determined the isotopic column density ratios across multiple regions of SSC activity in NGC 253 using non-LTE radiative transfer modelling. We do not find any significant trend with age for the CO and HCN isotopologue ratios on timescales of the ages of the SSC* regions observed. However, HCO+ may show a correlation with age over these timescales in 12C/13C. Conclusions. The driving factors of these ratios within SSCs could be the IMF or fractionation effects. To further probe these effects in SSCs over time, a larger sample of SSCs must be observed spanning a larger age range.

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Denmark, Netherlands
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Keywords

active [Galaxies], FOS: Physical sciences, Galaxies: active, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, ISM: molecules, starburst [Galaxies], Galaxies: ISM, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), ISM [Galaxies], Galaxies: starburst, molecules [ISM], Astrochemistry

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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