
handle: 10261/35859
[ES] Los cementos Portland comerciales contienen elementos minoritarios en su composición química. La presencia de estos elementos tiene una incidencia directa en diferentes aspectos: comportamiento reológico, cinética de reacción, contaminación ambiental, etc. Algunos de ellos, aparte de su incidencia mencionada anteriormente, tienen un efecto negativo en la salud humana. Así, el cromo (Cr), níquel (Ni) y cobalto (Co) son los principales alérgenos contenidos en los cementos y, por lo tanto, los principales causantes de la Dermatitis Profesional. Este trabajo se centra en la cuantifîcacion de los contenidos totales y solubles de cromo, níquel y cobalto presentes en los cementos comerciales españoles, los cuales pueden representar una contribución para poder establecer posibles limitaciones de estos elementos en futuras normalizaciones. Los resultados analíticos reflejan que los clínkeres son los principales responsables de la presencia de cromo soluble VI en los cementos comerciales. Este hecho podría estar indicando que la solubilidad del cromo (Cr III inerte a Cr VI soluble) estaría estrechamente relacionado con las condiciones del clinkerización. Por otro lado, no se ha encontrado una relación directa entre el cromo total y cromo soluble, lo que significa que los resultados analíticos son puntuales y en ningún caso extrapolables. La solubilidad del níquel y cobalto en agua es prácticamente nula tanto en las materias primas como en clínkeres.
[EN] The commercial Portland cements contain minor elements in their chemical compositions. The presence of these elements has a direct incidence in different aspects: rheological behaviour, reaction kinetics, environmental, etc. Some of them also have a negative effect on the human health; so, chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co) are the main allergens present in Portland cements, causing of Professional Dermatitis in construction workers. The current study is focussed on the quantification of total and soluble chromium, nickel and cobalt in a wide range of Spanish commercial cements. These values can represent a contribution to the establishing of possible limitations or reductions of these elements in forthcoming standards. Analytical data show that clinkers are the main responsibles of the presence of soluble chromium in commercial cements. This fact could be indicating that chromium solubility (from inert Cr III to soluble Cr VI) would be closely related to the clinkerisation conditions. On the other hand, there is not a direct ratio between total chromium and soluble chromium; it means that analytical results are punctual and not any case can be extrapolating ones. Ni and Co solubility in water is practically negligible either raws as clinkers.
Peer reviewed
Alérgenos, Cementos, Cements, Allergens, dermatitis profesional, professional dermatitis
Alérgenos, Cementos, Cements, Allergens, dermatitis profesional, professional dermatitis
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