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handle: 10261/353294 , 11441/149773
[ES] El ADN es una molécula esencial para el correcto funcionamiento de la célula que está constantemente expuesta a daños exógenos y endógenos. Una de las lesiones más peligrosas son los cortes de doble cadena en el ADN. Hay dos vías principales a través de las cuales puede repararse la rotura. La elección entre una ruta u otra está altamente regulada y uno paso decisivo para esta decisión es un proceso conocido como resección de los extremos de la rotura. Este mecanismo consiste en la degradación del ADN alrededor de la rotura, dejando dos extremos 3’ de cadena sencilla. Esto determina que el daño sea reparado por recombinación homóloga, una ruta que por lo general no genera errores. Son muchas las enfermedades que se asocian con problemas en la reparación del ADN. Recientemente, se han asociado algunos de los genes cuyas mutaciones se relacionan con el síndrome de Aicardi-Goutières (AGS) con defectos en el proceso de reparación. Ésta es una enfermedad inflamatoria que se desarrolla por lo general durante las primeras etapas de vida y para la cual no hay cura actualmente. Aunque algunos estudios proporcionan algo de información, aún es poco lo que se sabe acerca de la relación entre este síndrome y la reparación del ADN. En esta Tesis nos hemos centrado en comprobar si los diferentes mutantes asociados a esta enfermedad (TREX1, SAMHD1, el complejo RNasa H2, ADAR1, IFIH1 y LSM11) tienen un papel en reparación. Hemos confirmado que todos ellos presentan un defecto en resección. Tras esto, hemos dedicado nuestros esfuerzos a buscar tratamientos que permitan revertir este fenotipo, con la perspectiva de que también pudieran rescatar el proceso inflamatorio observado en pacientes con este síndrome.
[EN] DNA is an essential molecule for the proper functioning of the cell that is constantly exposed to exogenous and endogenous damage. One of the most dangerous injuries in DNA are doublestrand breaks. There are two main pathways to repair the break. The choice between one pathway or another is highly regulated and a decisive step in this decision is a process known as resection of the break ends. This mechanism consists of DNA degradation around the break, leaving two 3' ends or tails of single-stranded DNA. This leads to the repair of the damage through homologous recombination, a pathway that is generally error-free. There are many diseases that are associated with problems in DNA repair. Recently, some of the genes which mutations are related to Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) have been associated with defects in the repair process. This is an inflammatory disease that typically develops during early stages of life and currently has no cure. Although some studies provide some information, the connection between this syndrome and DNA repair is still poorly understood. In this Thesis we have focused on verifying whether the different mutants associated with this disease (TREX1, SAMHD1, the RNase H2 complex, ADAR1, IFIH1 and LSM11) have a role in repair. We have confirmed that all of them present a defect on resection. After this, we have dedicated our efforts to find treatments that allow us to reverse this repair phenotype, with the prospect that they could also rescue the inflammatory-associated response observed in patients with this syndrome.
Trabajo presentado para lograr el título de Doctor por la Universidad de Sevilla, Departamento de Genética, Doctorado en Biología Molecular, Biomedicina e Investigación Clínica
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