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[Results of the Implementation of a Case-Finding Program for Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency in COPD Patients].

Authors: Reinoso-Arija, Rocío; Proaño, Carmen; Ruiz-Serrano, Rosario; Núñez-Ollero, Dolores; Ruiz-Duque, Borja; Ortega-Ruiz, Francisco; Márquez-Martín, Eduardo; +2 Authors

[Results of the Implementation of a Case-Finding Program for Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency in COPD Patients].

Abstract

[ES] Objetivos: Actualmente, la identificación de nuevos casos de déficit de alfa-1 antitripsina (DAAT) continúa siendo uno de los grandes retos a los que se enfrenta la enfermedad. El presente estudio tiene por objetivo realizar un análisis de los resultados de la implementación de un programa de detección de casos sistemático de DAAT para los pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional transversal en el que se analizaron los resultados de la detección del DAAT hasta diciembre de 2022. Los casos estudiados se dividieron en tres periodos: 1) sin detección de casos sistemático hasta 2013; 2) detección de casos sistemático de alelos S y Z para casos con AAT < 90 mg/dl hasta 2018, y 3) detección de casos sistemático de 14 mutaciones para casos con AAT < 120 mg/dl desde 2018. Resultados: Se han estudiado un total de 471 casos, de los que 306 (65,0%) eran portadores de alguna mutación relacionada con el DAAT. El número de casos detectados de todas las mutaciones con su porcentaje frente a los estudiados en cada periodo era respectivamente de: 6 (100%), 48 (88,8%) y 253 (61,5%). Si nos limitamos a las mutaciones graves (AAT < 57,2 mg/dl), la distribución por periodos era respectivamente: 3 (50,0%), 10 (18,5%) y 17 (4,1%). Conclusiones: El presente estudio describe los cambios en la detección de pacientes portadores de alelos relacionados con el DAAT con tres políticas de identificación de casos diferentes. Los datos avalan la utilización de sistema de detección de casos sistemático en la población de pacientes con EPOC.

[EN] Objectives: Currently, the identification of new cases of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) continues to be one of the great challenges facing the disease. The present study aims to perform an analysis of the results of the implementation of a systematic case detection program of AATD for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Material and methods: Cross-sectional observational study in which the results of AAT screening until December 2022 were analyzed. The cases studied were divided into three periods: (1) no systematic case detection until 2013; (2) systematic case detection of S and Z alleles for cases with AAT < 90 mg/dL until 2018, and (3) systematic case detection of 14 mutations for cases with AAT < 120 mg/dL since 2018. Results: A total of 471 cases were studied, of which 306 (65.0%) were carriers of some mutation related to HAD. The number of detected cases of all mutations with their percentage against those studied in each period was respectively: 6 (100%), 48 (88.8%) and 253 (61.5%). If we limit to severe mutations (AAT < 57.2 mg/dL), the distribution by periods was respectively: 3 (50.0), 10 (18.5%) and 17 (4.1%). Conclusions: The present study describes the changes in the detection of patients carrying DAAT-related alleles with three different case identification policies. The data support the use of systematic case detection system in the COPD patient population.

© 2023 Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR). Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. Este es un artículo Open Access bajo la licencia CC BY-NC-ND (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

El estudio de los genotipos del DAAT está financiado por Grifols SA. La herramienta REDCap está financiada por la Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR).

Peer reviewed

Keywords

Genotyping, Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Diagnóstico, Diagnosis, Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, Déficit de alfa-1 antitripsina, Genotipo

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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