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Catalysts
Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
Data sources: Crossref
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Biblos-e Archivo
Article . 2023
Data sources: Biblos-e Archivo
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Biocatalysts Based on Immobilized Lipases for the Production of Ethyl Esters of Fatty Acids including Bioactive Gamma-Linolenic Acid from Borage Oil

Authors: Gonzalo Berzal; Martín García-González; Natalia Castejón; Paz García-García; Gloria Fernández-Lorente; Francisco J. Señoráns;

Biocatalysts Based on Immobilized Lipases for the Production of Ethyl Esters of Fatty Acids including Bioactive Gamma-Linolenic Acid from Borage Oil

Abstract

In the present work, borage oil (Borago officinalis) was used as the main source of gamma linolenic acid (GLA) to obtain ethyl esters by enzymatic ethanolysis using immobilized enzymes for its application in the food industry. Commercial Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase (TLL) was compared to chemical ethanolysis in alkaline medium. In addition, TLL was immobilized by adsorption on hydrophobic porous support (Octadecyl-Sepabeads®) to compare the results. Fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) yields of both reactions were compared under the same conditions (25 °C and 200 rpm) and analyzed by GC-MS. Moreover, the conversion yield for borage oil ethanolysis catalyzed by TLL immobilized on C18-Sepabeads® supports was similar to the chemical pathway (93.4% and 99.5%, respectively). When this biocatalyst was used in a solvent-free system (at 40 °C and 200 rpm), it was possible to obtain a high FAEE yield of 84.3% in the first 24 h of reaction. Furthermore, it was possible to re-use the immobilized biocatalyst for the performance of five reaction cycles maintaining 68% of its initial activity. Thus, the use of immobilized enzymes in solvent-free systems is an eco-friendly alternative to obtain GLA ethyl esters for its possible application in cosmetics and food.

Country
Spain
Keywords

ethanolysis, solvent-free system, Biología y Biomedicina / Biología, Borage oil, Immobilization, gamma-linolenic acid, Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase (TLL), Gamma-linolenic acid, immobilization, Solvent-free system, Ethanolysis, thermomyces lanuginosus lipase (TLL), Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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