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handle: 10261/320018 , 10508/1303
Se han estudiado las comunidades bénticas de sustrato rocoso del abra de Bilbao y su costa adyacente durante 14 años (1984-1998), dentro de un programa de seguimiento biológico de los medios submareal e intermareal. El área de estudio se encuentra en un proceso de mejora de la calidad ambiental de sus aguas como consecuencia de la recesión industrial y del Plan Integral de Saneamiento, actualmente en desarrollo. Se ha constatado la recuperación biológica por medio de técnicas univariantes y multivariantes, proponiéndose una serie de etapas en dicha recuperación, diferentes según el nivel litoral. Se ha seleccionado un total de doce taxones como los máximos responsables de discriminar situaciones en el espacio y en el tiempo, entre los que destacan por su mayor sensibilidad: Sagartiidae, Mytilidae, Patellidae y Chthamalidae. Se demuestra, asimismo, la necesidad de utilizar diferentes tipos de análisis en los estudios a largo plazo del macrozoobentos de sustrato rocoso. Con base en estos resultados y en trabajos previos, se articula un modelo conceptual en tres fases, describiendo la situación actual del bentos y los cambios registrados o previsibles. El modelo consta de dos partes: a) el correspondiente a los niveles submareal e intermareal inferior, donde se enfatizan las estrategias relacionadas con los patrones inversos de dominancia de la fauna y la flora; b) el concerniente al nivel intermareal superior, donde desempeñan un papel fundamental la aparición y el desarrollo del cinturón de cirrípedos. De este modo, se pretende dotar a los planes de seguimiento ambiental, tanto del abra de Bilbao como de otras áreas similares, de una herramienta para la detección de cambios en sus planes de recuperación.
Benthic communities on rocky shores from the Bight of Bilbao, known as the Abra de Bilbao (northern Spain) and the adjacent coast have been studied during 14 years (1984-1998) within the framework of an environmental monitoring programme for both subtidal and intertidal zones. The study area is now experiencing a process of generalised environmental improvement in its water quality, as a result of the region's industrial recession and the implementation of a comprehensive renovation sewage system, which is still in progress. Biological recovery has been analysed with uni- and multivariate techniques, which make it possible to differentiate several recovery stages, grouped according to the littoral zone sampled. A total of 12 taxa have been selected as characteristics of different environmental situations in space and time, the most sensitive of which are Sagartiidae, Mytilidae, Patellidae and Chthamalidae. The need to use alternative analyses in long term studies of hard bot- tom macrozoobenthos is highlighted. A three-phase conceptual model based on own results and previous works is proposed, which describes the current situation, as well as the recorded or expected changes. The model comprises two parts: a) one for the subtidal and lower intertidal levels, where biotic strategies related to the inverse patterns of fauna and flora dominance are emphasised; b) another for the upper intertidal level, where the appearance and development of a barnacle belt play a crucial role. The model is intended to serve as an environmental tool able to detect changes in the recovery process of the Bight of Bilbao and similar bays elsewhere.
Instituto Español de Oceanografía
recuperación biológica, Macrozoobentos, comunidades, abra de Bilbao, Medio Marino, sustrato rocoso
recuperación biológica, Macrozoobentos, comunidades, abra de Bilbao, Medio Marino, sustrato rocoso
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