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El margalló (Chamaerops humilis L., Arecaceae) als litorals central i septentrional de Catalunya: autòcton, introduït o reaparegut?

Authors: Gómez-Bellver, Carlos; López-Pujol, Jordi; Farelo, Paula; Pyke, Samuel; Montserrat, Josep Maria; Nualart, Neus; Ibáñez Cortina, Neus;

El margalló (Chamaerops humilis L., Arecaceae) als litorals central i septentrional de Catalunya: autòcton, introduït o reaparegut?

Abstract

Chamaerops humilis L., el margalló, és l’única palmera nadiua de la conca Mediterrània occidental. A Catalunya (nord-est de la península Ibèrica), el seu límit nord de distribució natural se situa al massís del Garraf. Segons bibliografia antiga, però, l’espècie sembla que era present a la muntanya de Montjuïc (Barcelona), d’on s’hauria extingit. En aquest estudi presentem els resultats d’un extens treball de camp realitzat durant els últims cinc anys per tal de (1) comprovar si l’espècie encara persisteix a Montjuïc i (2) explorar si aquesta palmera també és present en altres zones de Catalunya (al nord del Garraf) no citades a la bibliografia i, en cas afirmatiu, intentar determinar si es tracta de poblacions naturals o introduïdes. Hem pogut detectar diverses poblacions a Montjuïc (una d’elles amb un miler d’individus aproximadament) compostes majoritàriament per individus joves i situades prop d’individus cultivats. Això fa pensar que aquests nuclis poblacionals tenen molt probablement el seu origen en diàspores provinents de jardins i, per tant, C. humilis hauria reaparegut en un indret que hauria format part de la seva àrea de distribució històrica. Caldria tractar l’espècie com a introduïda als indrets on l’hem observat situats al nord del riu Llobregat, perquè en la majoria dels casos les poblacions estan formades per individus isolats o agrupats en petits rodals.

Chamaerops humilis L., the European fan palm, is the only native palm in the western Mediterranean basin. In Catalonia (north-western Iberian Peninsula), the Garraf Massif is generally regarded as its natural north distribution limit. According to old accounts, however, the species seems to have occurred in Montjuïc Mountain, Barcelona, from where it would have been extinct. Herein we are presenting the results of extensive fieldwork conducted during the last five years in order to (1) check whether the species is still persisting in Montjuïc, (2) explore whether this dwarf palm is also present in other areas of Catalonia further north of the Garraf not cited in the literature and, if so, to disentangle its biogeographic status (i.e., native or alien). We have been able to detect several populations in Montjuïc Mountain (with a population containing roughly a thousand individuals) close to cultivated plants. The youth of most individuals and their proximity to cultivated plants indicate that they are probably escapes. This might suggest that C. humilis is today present in an area that would be part of its historical range. This palm should be considered as introduced in the remaining locations where the species has been observed north to the Llobregat river. Notably, in most of these places C. humilis occurs as isolated individuals or as very small stands

Country
Spain
Keywords

Ciència i tecnologia, Flora, Alien plants, articles, Catalunya, Palmas, Chamaerops, Expansió, Palms, Plantes introduïdes, Palmes, Distribució, Plantas introducidas

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green