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Genome editing in animals with minimal PAM CRISPR-Cas9 enzymes

Authors: Jeremy Vicencio; Carlos Sánchez-Bolaños; Ismael Moreno-Sánchez; David Brena; Charles E. Vejnar; Dmytro Kukhtar; Miguel Ruiz-López; +10 Authors

Genome editing in animals with minimal PAM CRISPR-Cas9 enzymes

Abstract

Abstract The requirement for Cas nucleases to recognize a specific PAM is a major restriction for genome editing. SpCas9 variants SpG and SpRY, recognizing NGN and NRN PAMs, respectively, have contributed to increase the number of editable genomic sites in cell cultures and plants. However, their use has not been demonstrated in animals. Here we study the nuclease activity of SpG and SpRY by targeting 40 sites in zebrafish and C. elegans . Delivered as mRNA-gRNA or ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes, SpG and SpRY were able to induce mutations in vivo, albeit at a lower rate than SpCas9 in equivalent formulations. This lower activity was overcome by optimizing mRNA-gRNA or RNP concentration, leading to mutagenesis at regions inaccessible to SpCas9. We also found that the CRISPRscan algorithm could help to predict SpG and SpRY targets with high activity in vivo. Finally, we applied SpG and SpRY to generate knock-ins by homology-directed repair. Altogether, our results expand the CRISPR-Cas targeting genomic landscape in animals.

Country
Spain
Keywords

CRISPR-Cas systems, Nematodes, Peix zebra, Science, RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems, Metabolismevv, Article, CRISPR-Associated Protein 9, Animals, RNA, Messenger, CRISPR-Cas, Caenorhabditis elegans, Zebrafish, Gene Editing, Q, Metabolisme, Genòmica, Metabolism, Genetic engineering, RNA, Enzims, CRISPR-Cas Systems, Genètica, Genome editing

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
views
OpenAIRE UsageCountsViews provided by UsageCounts
downloads
OpenAIRE UsageCountsDownloads provided by UsageCounts
42
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 1%
91
140
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gold