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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Doctoral thesis . 2019
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Regulation of resection by chromatin associated proteins

Authors: Mejías Navarro, Fernando;

Regulation of resection by chromatin associated proteins

Abstract

[ES] La molécula de ADN está permanentemente expuesta a múltiples fuentes de daño que ponen en peligro la integridad genómica. Una de las lesiones más graves son los cortes de doble cadena (DSB, por sus siglas en inglés), que si no son reparados o son reparados incorrectamente, pueden conducir a diversas enfermedades incluido el cáncer. Para minimizar este riesgo, las células han desarrollado dos mecanismos principales para reparar los DSB: La unión de extremos no homólogos (NHEJ, por sus siglas en inglés) y la recombinación homóloga (HR, por sus siglas en inglés). El balance entre ambas vías de reparación es un asunto vital para asegurar la correcta restauración de la secuencia original del ADN, pero la regulación de este proceso no se conoce por completo. Entre los factores que influyen en el equilibrio entre NHEJ/HR la cromatina juega un papel importante. La cromatina es una estructura dinámica que envuelve y protege la molécula de ADN, pero también modula la accesibilidad de la maquinaria de reparación a la lesión. En esta tesis, seleccionamos varias proteínas asociadas a la cromatina para estudiarlas como posibles candidatos para la regulación del balance NHEJ/HR. En primer lugar, hemos descrito una nueva función para los parálogos de RAD51 en etapas previas de la reparación de los DSB que aquellas descritas ayudando a RAD51. Especificamente, Los parálogos de RAD51 parecen dificultar el reclutamiento de la maquinaria de NHEJ al ADN reseccionado para promover la vía de HR. En segundo lugar, mostramos que ALC1 controla la resección junto a eIF4A1, independientemente de su papel como factor de transcripción o remodelador de la cromatina. Sorprendentemente, ALC1/eIF4A1 regulan la estabilidad del ARN mensajero de CtIP, un factor clave para promover la resección. Por último, hemos descubierto un papel nuclear directo de la proteína ELP6 en la reparación de los DSB que no está influido por la actividad acetiltransferasa del complejo de elongación de la transcripción.

[EN] The DNA molecule is permanently exposed to multiple sources of damage that threaten the genomic integrity. One of the most dangerous lesions are the Double strand breaks (DSBs), which, if unrepaired or missrepaired, can lead to several diseases including cancer. To overcome this risk, cells have evolved two main mechanisms to repair the DSBs: Non-Homologous EndJoining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR). The balance between both repair pathways is a capital issue to ensure the proper restoration of the original DNA sequence, but regulation of this process is not fully understood. Among factors that influence the NHEJ/HR ratio, chromatin plays an important role. Chromatin is a dynamic structure that wraps and protects the DNA molecule but also modulates the accessibility of repair machinery to the lesion. In this Thesis, we selected several chromatin associated proteins to study them as possible candidates for the regulation of the NHEJ/HR balance. First, we describe a new role of RAD51 paralogs in earlier steps of DSB repair than those described before helping RAD51. Specifically, RAD51 paralogs seem to hamper the recruitment of NHEJ machinery to resected DNA to promote the HR pathway. Second, we show that ALC1 controls resection together with eIF4A1, independently of its role as transcription factor or chromatin remodeler. Strikingly, ALC1/eIF4A1 regulates mRNA stability of CtIP, the key factor for resection promotion. Lastly, we have reported a nuclear direct role of ELP6 in DSB repair that is independent of the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity of the transcription elongator complex

Trabajo presentado para optar al grado de Doctor en Biología molecular, Biomedicina e Investigación clínica por la Universidad de Sevilla, Departamento de Genética.--Calificación: Sobresaliente Cum Laude

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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