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Impactos sobre la biodiversidad del embalse de las Tres Gargantas en China

Authors: López Pujol, Jordi;

Impactos sobre la biodiversidad del embalse de las Tres Gargantas en China

Abstract

La construcción de la presa de las Tres Gargantas en el curso alto del río Yangtzé (China central), que contará con la mayor central hidroeléctrica del mundo, implicará una serie de graves e importantes consecuencias sobre la biodiversidad, que son objeto de análisis en el presente artículo. La inundación de más de 600 km2 supondrá la pérdida y/o fragmentación de numerosos hábitats terrestres en el área del embalse (con una especial afectación de las especies vegetales pero también de las animales), una región que jugó un papel importante como refugio glacial y que cuenta con numerosos taxones endémicos y amenazados. Sin embargo, la biodiversidad aguas abajo podría sufrir también algún tipo de efecto, debido a la más que probable regresión de humedales y lagos laterales una vez el embalse esté construido. Numerosas poblaciones (e incluso especies enteras) de animales y plantas podrían perderse si no se adoptan las medidas conservacionistas adecuadas. La alteración del flujo del río por parte de la presa producirá también efectos significativos sobre la biodiversidad acuática, afectando especialmente a los peces migratorios (esturión, pez espátula), pero también a otras especies acuáticas, como el famoso delfín del Yangtzé. El vertido de sustancias tóxicas al río supone una amenaza adicional.

We analyze the effects of the Three Gorges Dam (upper reaches of Yangtze River, Central China) on biodiversity. The dam will harbor the largest hydropower plant in the world, and will flood a 600 km2 area. It will result in the loss and/or fragmentation of many terrestrial habitats (including plants and animals) in a region that played a significant role as a glacial refuge, and currently harbors many endemic and threatened taxa. Negative effects on downstream biodiversity are also expected, because of the regression of the riparian wetlands and lateral lakes. Many plant and animal populations (and probably entire species) may be lost if conservation measures are not properly implemented, Alteration of the river flow will exert severe consequences on freshwater biodiversity, especially on migratory fishes such as two endangered sturgeons and one paddlefish, and the emblematic Yangtze River dolphin. Spillage of toxic substances into the river constitutes an additional threat.

La estancia en el Instituto de Botánica de la Academia China de Ciencias es posible gracias a una beca posdoctoral del Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (EX2005-0922) para el período 2006-2007.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Environmental sciences, Especies endémicas, Yangtze River, Glacial refuge, Fragmentación de hábitats, GE1-350, Habitat fragmentation, Refugio glacial, Endemic species, Río Yangtzé, Especies amenazadas, Endangered species

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    0
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green
gold
Related to Research communities
Italian National Biodiversity Future Center