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handle: 10261/275258
[ES] Se plantean los dos problemas básicos a debatir en relación a la obra de Alejandro de Humboldt y el mundo hispánico: la Modernidad y la Independencia americana. En primer lugar, se discute la inserción del propio Humboldt en el proyecto moderno, siguiendo la definición de Jürgen Habermas, especialmente por su trascendencia universalista, su interculturalidad, transdisciplinariedad e incluso por la forma de presentar sus resultados científicos. A continuación se analiza su contacto con los ilustrados y las elites científicas españolas antes de su viaje al continente americano, discutiendo la posible existencia de una Modernidad periférica alternativa en el movimiento ilustrado español, a pesar del anclaje al Antiguo Régimen y a la existencia de una sociedad poco modernizada. También se estudia la existencia de esa posible modernidad periférica en el caso americano, sobre todo a través de sus elites científicas, revisando brevemente los casos de los países visitados en el viaje, y se discute el papel intelectual de Humboldt en los procesos de emancipación americana, convertido en mito fundacional postindependentista.
[EN] There are two basic problems to consider in relation to the work of Alexander von Humboldt and the Hispanic world: modernity and American independence. Firstly Humboldt’s place in the modern project is discussed, according to the definition of Jürgen Habermas, specially by virtue of his universalist transcendence, his intercultural and transdisciplinary conception, and even the way in which he displays his scientific results. Secondly, his contact with the Spanish Enligthened and scientific elites before his journey to the American continent is analyzed, discussing the possible existence of an alternative peripheral modernity in the Spanish Enlightenment, despite being anchored in Ancient Regime and despite the fact that Spanish society was not very modernized. Similarly, the existence of the same possible peripheral modernity in the American case is studied, particularly among scientific elites. Briefly, considering the cases of the countries visited in Humboldt’s journey, the essay discuss Humboldt’s intelectual role in American emancipation and its post-independence conversion into a foundation myth.
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