
handle: 10261/274912
[EN] National and international studies show systematically the low performance of primary and secondary students of Latin American countries concerning the practical knowledge of science and mathematics. Even though just a small fraction of those prospective students are able to access to university studies, only about 10-15%, finished those studies, obtaining an university diploma. To contribute to the study of this important and difficult problem of our universities, in this contribution we report on the application of the active learning teaching “Tutorials for Introductory Physics”. A group comparison methodology was used to compare the conceptual learning of force and motion obtained by this methodology and that obtained with the traditional instruction carried out up to now. This conceptual knowledge was measured using the multiple choice test, given to the students before (pre) and after (post) the instruction was implemented. The course where Tutorials was applied obtained satisfactory results with an intrinsic gain (g=0.56) that double that obtained by the students in the control group (g=0.27). A linear correlation analysis show that the final performance depends on the group variable (methodology) with an important size effect of 0.536 (p<0.001) while the incidence of the previous knowledge (pre test) was modest, with a size effect of 0.319, (p=0.001).
[ES] Estudios sistemáticos nacionales e internacionales muestran que los conocimientos de ciencias y matemáticas de alumnos que concurren a escuelas primarias y secundarias en los países latinoamericanos son sumamente pobres. Se observa además que de los alumnos que consiguen acceder a estudios universitarios, solo una pequeña fracción logra graduarse llegando en casos como la Argentina a que solo una fracción muy baja de los ingresantes, en torno al 10-15%, logra terminar sus estudios de grado. Para contribuir a la solución de este problema, se realizó una experiencia de aplicación en un curso universitario de la estrategia de aprendizaje activo “Tutoriales para Física Introductoria”. Para ello se utilizó un diseño de comparación de grupos preestablecidos, con determinación del conocimiento pre y post instrucción mediante el test Force Concept Inventory. El curso con Tutoriales logró niveles de aprendizaje muy satisfactorios, distribuido en la mayoría de la muestra, obteniendo en promedio, una ganancia intrínseca doble (g=0.56) que el curso testigo con enseñanza tradicional (g=0.27). Un análisis de correlación lineal muestra que el rendimiento final depende del grupo y conocimiento inicial, con un importante efecto de tamaño de 0,536 (p<0,001) para la variable grupo, y más modesto para el conocimiento inicial (factor de tamaño de 0,319, p=0,001).
Trabajo presentado al Décimo Simposio de Investigación en Educación en Física (SIEF-10), celebrado en Posadas (Argentina) del 6 al 8 de octubre de 2010.
Peer reviewed
Física introductoria, Active learning, University physics, Tutorials
Física introductoria, Active learning, University physics, Tutorials
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