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handle: 10261/272090
La regeneración del tejido óseo es un proceso natural del cuerpo humano. Sin embargo, en un daño de grandes dimensiones, son necesarios tratamientos a largo plazo, como los autoinjertos, que además de ser costosos y dolorosos, tienen una alta tasa de fracaso. Es por ello que la ingeniería de tejidos ha recurrido al diseño de materiales que sirvan como alternativas a dichos tratamientos. Una de ellas es el uso de biomateriales poliméricos, y entre ellos, los poliuretanos debido a que son materiales altamente versátiles capaces de satisfacer los requisitos marcados por las aplicaciones. Este artículo presenta de forma general las características que hacen de los poliuretanos una familia de biomateriales prometedores para promover la regeneración del tejido óseo, haciendo una revisión de la investigación actual con la finalidad de cubrir las necesidades estructurales y de desempeño biológico requeridas.
The regeneration of bone tissue is a natural process in the human body. However, in large-scale damage, long-term treatments are necessary, such as autografts, which is expensive, painful and has a high failure rate. That is why tissue engineering has ventured into the design of materials that serve as alternatives to these treatments. One of them is the use of biomaterials based on polymers, and among them, polyurethanes because they are highly versatile materials capable of satisfying the requirements set by the applications. This article presents in a general way the characteristics that lead to polyurethanes a promising family of biomaterials to promote the regeneration of bone tissue. In addition, a review of current research in order to meet the structural and biological performance needs is also addressed.
Poliuretanos, regeneración, tejido óseo, biomateriales, degradación controlada. Polyurethanes, regeneration, bond tissue, biomaterials, controlled degradation.
Poliuretanos, regeneración, tejido óseo, biomateriales, degradación controlada. Polyurethanes, regeneration, bond tissue, biomaterials, controlled degradation.
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