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Compuestos fenólicos del olivo (Olea europea)

Authors: Maestro Durán, R.; León Cabello, R.; Ruiz-Gutiérrez, Valentina;

Compuestos fenólicos del olivo (Olea europea)

Abstract

[ES] Ciertas propiedades de las plantas, como el color, valor nutricional, autoprotección contra microorganismos, propiedades farmacológicas o caracteres organolépticos, son debidas a los compuestos fenólicos. Su estudio, en el caso del olivo, es de gran interés por diversas razones: -Por su carácter antibiótico, los fenoles de la aceituna inhiben los microorganismos Gram+, como Lactobacillus, necesarios para la fermentación de aceitunas de mesa. -Inhiben la acción de las celulasas y otras enzimas. -Son los responsables de la alta estabilidad de los aceites vírgenes de oliva, así como de alguno de sus caracteres organolépticos. -Inhiben la acción de los microorganismos responsables de la depuración anaerobia de los alpechines y son las sustancias contaminantes de estas aguas residuales cuya degradación para eliminar la DQO presenta más dificultades. -Tienen propiedades farmacológicas (hipotensoras). -Son una fuente potencial de antioxidantes naturales. En este trabajo se hace una revisión de los estudios realizados sobre la composición de los componentes fenólicos del fruto (pulpa y semilla), del aceite y sus subproductos (alpechín y orujo) y de las hojas de olivo.

[EN] Certain plant properties, such as the colour, the nutritional value, the resistance to microorganisms, the pharmacologic effects and the organoleptic character, are due to the phenolic compounds. It is interesting the study of phenolic compounds from olive because they: -Inhibit Gram+ microorganisms, such as Lactobacillus, which are involved in the fermentation of the olive fruit. -Inhibit the activity of cellulases and other enzymes. -Contribute to the stability and organoleptic character of virgin olive oil. -Inhibit the effect of microorganisms involved in the anaerobic depuration of vegetation water. Thus, the phenolic compounds are the major bothersome contaminants of these wastewater. -Have pharmacologic properties (to reduce blood pressure levels). -Are natural antioxidants. In the present review we describe the composition of the phenolic compounds from the olive fruit (pulp and seed), the olive oil and its by-products (vegetation water and rape) and the olive leaves.

5 páginas.-- Artículo de información.

Peer reviewed

Keywords

Olivo, Olive, Compuestos fenólicos, Phenolic compounds

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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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