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Fritura de filetes de sardinas congeladas en aceite de oliva. Influencia de diferentes métodos de descongelación sobre el contenido graso y la composición en ácidos grasos

Authors: Álvarez-Pontes, M.ª E.; Viejo, J. M.; Sánchez-Muniz, F. J.; Castrillón, A. M.ª;

Fritura de filetes de sardinas congeladas en aceite de oliva. Influencia de diferentes métodos de descongelación sobre el contenido graso y la composición en ácidos grasos

Abstract

[ES] Filetes de sardinas frescas, congeladas y descongeladas en frigorífico a 4°C o en microondas se analizaron en crudo y después de freírlos en aceite de oliva, con objeto de conocer si la congelación y descongelación, previa a la fritura, alteraba los cambios en humedad, grasa y composición en ácidos grasos que introdujera la fritura. El contenido graso (g/100g de filetes de sardinas) se incrementó durante el proceso de fritura, debido, sobre todo, a las pérdidas de agua. Dicho efecto aumentó principalmente en la descongelación en frigorífico. Con la fritura, la sardina fresca y la congelada sin previa descongelación se enriquecieron en ácido oleico, ascendiendo el contenido de ácidos grasos monoinsaturados en (AGM) del 21 al 55-56%. La descongelación, anterior a la fritura, influyó de forma diferente, según se efectuase en frigorífico o con microondas. En el primer caso, se favoreció la absorción de ácido oleico, llegando el contenido en AGM hasta un 61,8%; en la descongelación con microondas el contenido en AGM fue sólo del 47%. Los porcentajes de ácidos grasos saturados y poliinsaturados disminuyeron en los filetes fritos frente a sus básales crudos como consecuencia del aumento de AGM. El cociente C22:6/C16:0 descendió por efecto de la fritura en los filetes de sardina congelada y descongelada en frigorífico ambiente, pero no en los descongelados en microondas.

[EN] To study the effect of freezing and different thawing methods on the moisture, fat an fatty acid content of fried sardines, fresh sardine fillets were first frozen and then some were thawed either in a refrigerator at 4°C or in a microwave over prior to frying. These fillets were then analyzed both before and after being fried in olive oil. Frying increased the fat content of the fillets, mainly due to water losses, especially in those thawed in the refrigerator. Mono-unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content increased in fresh and frozen fillets after frying from 21% to 55% and 56%, respectively. However, thawing prior to frying had a different effect depending on the method because oleic acid absorption was facilitated by refrigerator-thawing, the MUFA content increased to 61,8%, whereas after microwave-thawing the MUFA content reached 47%. Saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased in fried fillets compared to uncooked ones as a consequence of the increase in MUFA. Frying decreased the C22:6/C16:0 ratio with respect to fresh fillets in frozen fillets and in those thawed in the refrigerator but not in those thawed in a microwave.

Este trabajo ha sido financiado por la Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología (Proyecto ALI 88-0255).

7 páginas, 1 figura, 4 tablas.

Peer reviewed

Keywords

Descongelación en microonda, Acido graso (composición), Refrigerator thawing, Fritura, Grasa (contenido), Descongelación en frigorífico, Frozen sardine, Fatty acid (composition), Aceite de oliva, Microwave thawing, Sardina congelada, Frying, Fat (content), Olive oil

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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