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DIGITAL.CSIC
Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: DIGITAL.CSIC
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Protein Engineering Design and Selection
Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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An efficient method for enzyme immobilization evidenced by atomic force microscopy

Authors: Marcuello, C.; De Miguel, R.; Gómez-Moreno, C.; Martínez-Júlvez, M.; Lostao, A.;

An efficient method for enzyme immobilization evidenced by atomic force microscopy

Abstract

Immobilization of proteins in a functionally active form and proper orientation is fundamental for effective surface-based protein analysis. A new method is presented for the controlled and oriented immobilization of ordered monolayers of enzymes whose interaction site had been protected using the protein ligand. The utility of this method was demonstrated by analyzing the interactions between the enzyme ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase (FNR) and its redox partner ferredoxin (Fd). The quality of the procedure was deeply evaluated through enzymatic assays and atomic force microscopy. Single-molecule force spectroscopy revealed that site-specifically targeted FNR samples increased the ratio of recognition events 4-fold with regard to the standard randomly modified FNR samples. The results were corroborated using the cytochrome c reductase activity that gave an increase on surface between 6 and 12 times for the site-specifically targeted FNR samples. The activity in solution for the enzyme labeled from the complex was similar to that exhibited by wild-type FNR while FNR randomly tagged showed a 3-fold decrease. This indicates that random targeting protocols affect not only the efficiency of immobilized proteins to recognize their ligands but also their general functionality. The present methodology is expected to find wide applications in surface-based protein-protein interactions biosensors, single-molecule analysis, bioelectronics or drug screening.

Country
Spain
Keywords

Protein interaction, Enzymes, Immobilized, Microscopy, Atomic Force, Anabaena, Ferredoxin-NADP Reductase, Atomic force microscopy, Immobilization, Bacterial Proteins, Enzyme, Protein Interaction Mapping, Ferredoxins, Aluminum Silicates, Molecular recognition, Enzyme Assays

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
views
OpenAIRE UsageCountsViews provided by UsageCounts
downloads
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30
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35
34
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