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La microoxigenación en la evolución de los polifenoles, el color y las características sensoriales de un vino tinto cv Tempranillo durante su elaboración

Authors: Pino, Cristina; Bartolomé, Begoña; Superviola, Julián; Gómez-Cordovés, Carmen;

La microoxigenación en la evolución de los polifenoles, el color y las características sensoriales de un vino tinto cv Tempranillo durante su elaboración

Abstract

[EN]: The effect of the oxygen application in one time during fermentation (Cliqueur system) together with further oxygen continuous application along the elaboration and stabilization process, has been studied for a 100% ev. Tempranillo red wine. For that, two wines were elaborated from the same must in the absence (control wine, T) and with the controlled addition of oxygen (microoxygenated wine, MO). Along this period of time, basic parameters, colorimetric indexes and phenolic families of both wines were studied. Before changing the oxygen dose, descriptive organoleptic analysis for both wines was carried out to evaluate the influence of oxygen application. After continuous micro-oxygenation treatment, marked differences between the micro-oxygenated and control wines were observed. For instance, the acetaldehyde concentration was lower for the micro-oxygenated (MO) than for the control (T) wine, possibly due to its participation in the formation of new anthocyanin derivatives. At the same time, the MO wine showed lower content of total polyphenols and proanthocyanidins than the T wine;- however, the content of total anthocyanins was higher for the MO wine, showing the catechin content almost no differences between wines. Regarding the colorimetric indexes, slight increases in the colour intensity and in the red and blue percentages but decreases in the tint and yellow percentage, were observed for the MO wine in comparison to the T wine. All this indicates that micro-oxygenation is directly related to the formation of new pigments that stabilized wine colour, keeping the violet tonalities and a lasting chromatic intensity for longer time. Besides, the micro-oxygenated wine showed greater aromatic complexity and intensity, with less vegetable aromas, a more structured body, lower astringency but longer persistence in the mouth than the control wine, finally showing the positive influence of this treatment in wine organoleptic characteristics.

[ES]: Se ha estudiado el efecto de la aplicación de oxígeno, de manera puntual (Cliqueur) en fermentación y en continuo, a lo largo del proceso de elaboración y estabilización de un vino tinto 100% cv Tempranillo. Para ello un mismo mosto se vinificó en ausencia de oxígeno (vino testigo: T) y con adición controlada del mismo (vino microoxigenado: MO). A lo largo de dicho período se estudiaron para ambos vinos los parámetros básicos, los índices colorimétricos y las familias fenólicas. Antes de cambiar las dosis de oxígeno se realizaron catas descriptivas de los dos vinos para poder evaluar la influencia del mismo. Al final del tratamiento de microoxigenación en continuo se observaron claras diferencias entre el vino microoxigenado y el vino testigo. Por ejemplo, la concentración de acetaldehído se mostró menor en el vino microoxigenado (MO) que en el testigo (T), posiblemente por su participación en la formación de nuevos derivados. Paralelamente, se obtienen valores menores de polifenoles totales y proantocianidinas en el vino MO que en el vino T; sin embargo la cantidad de antocianos totales es mayor y las catequinas apenas muestran diferencias. Al evaluar los parámetros colorimétricos se observan ligeros aumentos en la intensidad colorante y en los porcentajes de rojo y de azul en el vino MO respecto al testigo, mientras que la tonalidad y el porcentaje de amarillo son menores. Todo ello, indica que la microoxigenación está relacionada con la formación de nuevos pigmentos, los cuales estabilizan el color de los vinos, manteniendo las tonalidades violáceas y una intensidad cromática más duradera. Además, el vino microoxigenado se mostró con una mayor complejidad e intensidad aromática, con menos aromas vegetales, un cuerpo más estructurado con una reducción de la astringencia y amplia persistencia en boca, demostrando la influencia positiva de este tratamiento sobre las características organolépticas del vino.

Los autores agradecen la financiación del proyecto VIN03-006-C02-1 y la beca predoctoral concedida a C. Pino, por el Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrarias (INIA)´.

Peer reviewed

Keywords

Fenoles, Sensorial analysis, Vino, Análisis organoléptico, Color, Wine

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
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