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Modelos in vitro e in vivo para el estudio del desarrollo del injerto en pistacho

Authors: Barceló, A.; García Martín, Elena; González-Padrón, M. Y.; Imbroda-Solano, I.; Lorente Alonso, María Pilar; Jurado Valle, J. I.; Martínez-Ferrí, Elsa; +4 Authors

Modelos in vitro e in vivo para el estudio del desarrollo del injerto en pistacho

Abstract

Este trabajo profundiza en el estudio de los problemas que afectan al injerto de pistacho en campo, donde los injertos muestran baja tasa de éxito y un alto porcentaje de necrosis. Los injertos in vitro han demostrado ser un buen modelo para el estudio del injerto. Se realizaron dos tipos de injerto: de hendidura y bisel, utilizando cornicabra (P. terebinthus) como patrón y pistacho (P. vera) como variedad. Homoinjertos del patrón fueron utilizados como control. Los homoinjertos in vivo de cornicabra (P. terebinthus) han mostrado que el injerto de bisel con yemas subapicales es el más adecuado con un 35% de éxito y un 20% de necrosis tras 6 semanas frente al de escudete (0% de éxito y 100% de necrosis). In vitro, porciones de brotes de P. vera de 10-20 mm de longitud, con o sin ápice, fueron injertados en brotes de cornicabra con o sin raíces. Más del 70% de los brotes injertados sobrevivieron tras 3-5 semanas de cultivo, pero con escaso crecimiento de las yemas injertadas. Los tejidos del injerto mostraron uniones, que pudieron ser observadas histológicamente 15 días después del injerto. In vivo, estudios iniciales de heteroinjertos P. vera/P. terebinthus mostraron resultados prometedores, ya que 5 injertos de 12 realizados (42%) seguían creciendo 2 meses después el injerto. Se realizaron estudios sobre el crecimiento de plantas de semilla del patrón cornicabra en diferentes condiciones para identificar los factores que influyen en el desarrollo posterior de la planta injertada. Las plantas mostraron crecimiento continuado y mayor vigor en condiciones de invernadero con luz continua.

Este trabajo ha sido parcialmente financiado por el proyecto INIA-FEDER RTA2010-00053-C03-02 y RTA2010-00053-C03-03 y por el Grupo de Excelencia A43 (Gobierno de Aragón). M.Y.G.P. Ha disfrutado de un beca del subprograma FPI INIA-CCAA.

Resumen del trabajo presentado en la X Reunión de la Sociedad Española de Cultivo In Vitro de Tejidos Vegetales, celebrada en Zaragoza(España), del 23 al 24 de octubre de 2013

Keywords

Pistacia vera, P. terebinthus, Heteroinjertos, Homoinjertos

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
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