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Autoincompatibilidad críptica en mango ("Mangifera indica" L.)

Authors: Pérez Méndez, Verónica; Herrero Romero, María; Hormaza Urroz, José Ignacio;

Autoincompatibilidad críptica en mango ("Mangifera indica" L.)

Abstract

[ES] Muchas especies de plantas han desarrollado sistemas de incompatibilidad floral que impiden la autofecundación o el cruce con determinados genotipos genéticamente próximos para favorecer el intercambio genético. Este hecho tiene claras implicaciones agronómicas condicionando la plantación de variedades polinizadoras. La posible existencia de autoincompatibilidad en ciertos cultivares de mango ha sido descrita fundamentalmente en trabajos antiguos, pero la información es controvertida y no existen datos concluyentes sobre el posible sistema de incompatibilidad en esta especie. En este trabajo se evalúa la autoincompatibilidad en mango combinando técnicas moleculares y de microscopía. Por un lado, se llevó a cabo un estudio molecular de paternidad, utilizando marcadores microsatélite, de los frutos procedentes de árboles de los cvs. Osteen y Kent, localizados en una parcela compuesta por una colección de cultivares de mango en el IHSM La Mayora. Los resultados de la descendencia mostraron un alto porcentaje de frutos (94%) generados a partir de fecundación cruzada para el cv. Osteen y un porcentaje inferior (48%) para el cv. Kent. Visto el alto porcentaje de frutos procedentes de cruce en el cv. Osteen y teniendo en cuenta que este cultivar es el más cultivado en el sur de España, en muchas ocasiones en plantaciones monovarietales altamente productivas, realizamos un segundo ensayo en una parcela con únicamente dos cultivares localizados en sectores enfrentados: ‘Osteen’ y ‘Keitt’. Se realizaron análisis de paternidad de frutos recolectados de árboles de ambos cultivares situados a distintas distancias del donador de polen. Los resultados mostraron un alto porcentaje de frutos generados a partir de autofecundación sobre todo en los árboles que se encontraban más alejados del donador de polen. Los estudios moleculares se completaron con análisis al microscopio tras polinizaciones manuales in vivo, entre los cvs. Osteen, Kent y Kensington. El crecimiento de los tubos polínicos en autopolinizaciones mostró un comportamiento similar al de las polinizaciones cruzadas, sin aparentes indicios de incompatibilidad a nivel del estilo. Por tanto, los resultados obtenidos indican la posible presencia de un sistema de autoincompatibilidad críptica en mango de forma que se favorecería la fecundación cruzada respecto a la autofecundación pero, en ausencia de polen de otros genotipos, la autofecundación sería posible.

[EN] Floral incompatibility systems are a common phenomenon in several plant species resulting in the avoidance of self-fertilization or crossing with genetically close genotypes favouring genetic exchange. The possible existence of self-incompatibility in some mango cultivars was put forward in old literature, but so far there is no conclusive information on a possible incompatibility system in this species. In this work we evaluate self-incompatibility in mango combining molecular and microscopic techniques. Thus, microsatellite markers were used to assess the paternity of fruits harvested from ‘Osteen’ and ‘Kent’ trees, located in a mango cultivar collection field at the IHSM La Mayora. The results showed a high percentage of cross-fertilization in ‘Osteen’ fruits (94%) and a lower percentage (48%) in ‘Kent’. Due to the high percentage of cross-fertilization observed in ‘Osteen’ and previous observations showing no production problems in orchards planted with only this cultivar, a second experiment was performed in a field with just two cultivars in different opposite plots: ‘Osteen’ and ‘Keitt’. A paternity analysis was made from the fruits harvested from trees belonging to both cultivars located at different distances from the pollen donor. The results showed a high percentage of fruits produced by self-fertilization especially in the trees farther away from the pollen donor. The molecular studies were complemented with microscopic analysis. Hand pollinations in vivo were performed between the cvs. Osteen, Kent and Kensington. Pollen tube growth in self- and cross-pollinations was similar, with no apparent incompatibility symptoms at the style level. Therefore, the results suggest the presence of a cryptic self-incompatibility system in mango that would favor cross-fertilization but, in the absence of pollen from other genotypes, self-fertilization would be possible.

Trabajo presentado en el VII Congreso Ibérico de Agroingeniería y Ciencias Hortícolas, celebrado en Madrid del 26 al 29 de agosto de 2013

Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el proyecto AGL2010-15140 y AGL2012-40239. V.P disfrutó de una beca del Cabildo Insular de La Palma.

Peer reviewed

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Paternidad, Marcadores moleculares, Tubos polínicos

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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