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handle: 10261/250466
[PT]: A embriogenese somática ou assexual é o processo pelo qual células somáticas se desenvolvem em plantas. A rápida melhoria nos métodos de embriogenesi tem permitudo o emprego de embriões somáticos na micropropagação de plantas como as chamadas sementes sintéticas. Além do uso em sementes sintéticas, a embriogenese somática pode ser usada na regeneração de plantas geneticamente transformadas, plantas poliplóides ou de híbridos somáticos. Adicionalmente, resultados promissores inidicam a possibilidade do uso da embriogenesi somática em programas de seleção de células e na crio-preservação de germoplasmas. A aplicação da embriogenese somática para a limpeza de viroses, para a produção de metabólitos e para a iniciação de micorrizas in vitro também tem sido investigada.
[EN]: Somatic or asexual embryogenesis is the process by which somatic cells develop into plants. The rapid improvement in somatic embryogenesis methods allow the use of somatic embryos in plant micropropagation as synthetic seeds. However, practical applications of somatic embryogenesis are not limited to synthetic seed technology. Somatic embryogenesis can be used in the regeneration ofgenetically transformed plants, polyploid plants, or somatic hybrids. Moreover, promising results indicate the possibility to use somatic embryogenesis in cell selection programs and germplasm cryopreservation. The application of somatic embryogenesis to plant virus elimination, metabolite production, and in vitro mychorrhizal initiation has been investigated.
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