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DIGITAL.CSIC
Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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La Real Academia de San Fernando en una época de crisis: 1808-1814

Authors: García Sánchez, Jorge;

La Real Academia de San Fernando en una época de crisis: 1808-1814

Abstract

[ES] Durante los seis años que se prolongó, la Guerra de Independencia no sólo repercutió en las esferas olítica, social y económica de nuestro país, transformando radicalmente el Estado absolutista preexistente, sino también en el desarrollo de su vida artística, y en el funcionamiento de la institución madrileña que dictaba los parámetros del arte y el gusto estético oficial, la Real Academia de San Fernando. La actitud adoptada por sus componentes respecto al Gobierno francés siguió diversos cauces: muchos artistas juraron fidelidad a José I y se mantuvieron en sus puestos académicos o se promocionaron en el seno de la Corporación, mientras que otros eligieron el camino del exilio como única respuesta factible a la imposición de una dinastía extranjera. Las actividades pedagógicas y artísticas permanecieron suspendidas durante la mayor parte del reinado josefino, aunque gracias al empeño de los profesores de Bellas Artes se reanudaron los estudios en el curso académico de 1811-1812. En 1813, tras la retirada francesa, la Academia inició un costoso proceso de recuperación económica, de rehabilitación de su sede y de sus fondos pictóricos y escultóricos, que culminó con la apertura de sus aulas a los discípulos en 1814.

[EN] The Independence War had repercussions on Spanish political, social and economical life, changing the previous Absolutist State, as well as on the artistic development of the country and the activity of the Real Academia de San Fernando, the Madrilenian institution responsible for the official artistic and aesthetic style. His members assumed different positions with regard to the French Government: a lot of artists swore fidelity to Joseph I and kept their academic jobs, or rose of rank in the Academy, whereas a few others chose exile as a result of the imposition of a foreign dynasty. Both pedagogical and artistic activities kept interrupted during most of the Bonaparte’s reign, although an academic course was celebrated in the years 1811 and 812. In 1813, after the French withdrawal, the Academy began his economical recovery, in addition to ehabilitate his pictorial and sculptural collection, and in 1814 was able to inaugurate the studies.

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Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Afrancesados, Francisco Goya, Independance War, Real Academia de San Fernando, Guerra de Independencia, José I Bonaparte, Mariano Salvador Maella

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