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handle: 10261/245362
[FR] Les mesures macroscopiques des contraintes internes et des volumes d'activation effectuées dans le passépar essais de relaxation ou de réduction de la contrainte ont donnélieuàdes interprétations controversées au sujet du mécanisme qui controˆle la vitesse de déformation au cours du fluage secondaire. Le fait que ces mesures macroscopiques ne fournissent que des valeurs moyennes dans le cristal fait qu'il est très difficile de les relieràdes phénomènes activés microscopiques, au cours desquels des dislocations surmontent des obstacles locaux. Dans ce travail, nous avons mesuréles valeurs microscopiques des contraintes effectives locales qui existent au cours du fluage secondaire d'un alliage Alsingle bondZn, pour différentes contraintes et différentes températures. En meˆme temps, nous avonsétudiéla variation des paramètres de la sous-structure tels que la taille des sous-grains et la maille du réscau de sous-joints. Nous avons effectuél'analyse détaillée de l'émission de dislocations aux sous-joints: la recombinaison des jonctions se produit généralement par glissement et glissement dévié. Nous avons obtenu uneéquation simple reliant les différents paramètres et nous en avons déduit les volumes d'activation microscopiques. Ces derniers diminuent lorsqu'on augmente la contrainte. Les volumes d'activation sont liésàla maille du réscau de sous-joints, ce qui confirme que c'est un mécanisme de recombinaison de jonctions aux sous-joints sous l'action des contraintes effectives locales qui provoque l'émission de dislocations et controˆle la vitesse de fluage.
[EN] Macroscopic measurements of internal stresses and activation volumes made by stress relaxation or reduction tests performed in the past have led to controversial interpretations about the strain rate controlling mechanism during secondary creep. The fact that these macroscopic measurements provide only average values over the crystal makes it very difficult to relate them to microscopic activated events in which dislocations overcome obstacles locally. In this work, the microscopic values of local effective stresses existing during secondary creep of an AlZn alloy have been measured fro different conditions of stress and temperature. At the same time, the variation of the substructure parameters such as the subgrain size and subboundary mesh size has been studied. Detailed analysis of dislocation emission at subboundaries has been made and it appears that junction recombination generally occurs by glide and cross-slip. A simple equation has been developed relating all the different parameters, and the microscopic activation volumes have been deduced. The latter appear to decrease with increasing stress. The activation volumes are related to the mesh size, confirming that a mechanism of junction recombination at subboundaries under the action of local effective stresses produces dislocation emission and controls the creep rate
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