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handle: 10261/240379
Many organisms avoid habitats posing risks of parasitism. Parasites are not generally conspicuous, however, which raises the question of what cues individuals use to detect parasitism risk. Here, we provide evidence in alpine newts (Ichthyosaura alpestris) that non-visual cues from parasite-exposed conspecifics inform habitat avoidance. Alpine newts breed in aquatic habitats and occasionally move among adjacent terrestrial habitat during breeding seasons. We completed experiments with newts whereby individuals had access to both habitats, and the aquatic habitats varied in prior occupancy by conspecifics with different histories of exposure to the parasitic skin fungus,Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis(Bd). Continuous filming of newt activity for 2 days provided little evidence that prior use of aquatic habitats by conspecifics, regardless of theirBdexposure history, immediately influenced newt habitat use. However, newts that encountered aquatic habitats used specifically byBd-exposed conspecifics on day 1 spent less time aquatic on day 2, whereas other newts did not alter habitat use. Responses could have been elicited by cues generated byBdstages on the conspecifics or, perhaps more likely, cues emitted by the conspecifics themselves. In either case, these observations suggest that newts use non-visual cues sourced from exposed conspecifics to detectBdrisk and that those cues cause newts to avoid aquatic habitats.Bdmay therefore influence host behavior in early phases of interactions, and possibly before any contact with infectious stages is made, creating potential for non-consumptive effects.
Infection risk, non-lethal effects, Evolution, Ecology and Evolution, 41 Environmental Sciences, Anti-parasite behavior, anti-parasite behavior, Nonconsumptive effects, QH359-425, disease ecology, Disease ecology, infection risk, QH540-549.5, Ecology, Non-lethal effects, 3103 Ecology, habitat use, 3 Good Health and Well Being, Anti-parasite behaviour, non-consumptive effects, Infectious Diseases, 3109 Zoology, Habitat use, 31 Biological Sciences
Infection risk, non-lethal effects, Evolution, Ecology and Evolution, 41 Environmental Sciences, Anti-parasite behavior, anti-parasite behavior, Nonconsumptive effects, QH359-425, disease ecology, Disease ecology, infection risk, QH540-549.5, Ecology, Non-lethal effects, 3103 Ecology, habitat use, 3 Good Health and Well Being, Anti-parasite behaviour, non-consumptive effects, Infectious Diseases, 3109 Zoology, Habitat use, 31 Biological Sciences
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