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Doctoral thesis
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Doctoral thesis . 2010 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: DIGITAL.CSIC
https://doi.org/10.4995/thesis...
Doctoral thesis . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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Reducción de sodio en lomo y jamón curados. Efecto sobre la proteolisis y las características sensoriales

Authors: Armenteros Cuesta, Mónica;

Reducción de sodio en lomo y jamón curados. Efecto sobre la proteolisis y las características sensoriales

Abstract

[Español]: En esta tesis se abordó en primer lugar el estudio “in vitro” del efecto del NaCl, KCl, MgCl2 y CaCl2 sobre la actividad de las enzimas proteolíticas musculares (catepsinas, dipeptidilpeptidasas y aminopeptidasas). Se comprobó que el KCl no ejercía ningún efecto significativamente diferente al del NaCl sobre la actividad de dichas enzimas, mientras que se necesitaron concentraciones mucho más bajas de sales divalentes (CaCl2 y MgCl2) para conseguir el mismo efecto inhibidor. Seguidamente, se aplicaron una serie de tratamientos de salado en lomo curado, en los que se había sustituido parcialmente el contenido de NaCl por sales de K+, Ca2+ y Mg2+, y se evaluó el efecto de dicha sustitución sobre la proteolisis, lipólisis y la calidad sensorial del producto final. A partir de estos resultados se seleccionaron los tratamientos de salado que obtuvieron mejores resultados: 50 % NaCl- 50 % KCl y 55 % NaCl, 25 % KCl, 15 % CaCl2 y 5 % MgCl2. Estas formulaciones fueron utilizadas para la fabricación de dos lotes de jamones con bajo contenido en sal, alrededor de 2.5 % en producto final, en los que se llevó a cabo el estudio de la proteolisis a lo largo del proceso de elaboración de los mismos, y de la calidad sensorial del producto final. Asimismo, se elaboraron otros dos lotes de jamones utilizando una técnica alternativa de salado, el salado a vacío, con un contenido en sal de producto terminado de entre el 4.5-5.5 % y se evaluó la calidad sensorial del producto final. Los resultados obtenidos en jamón curado indican que, la sustitución parcial del NaCl por mezclas de sales de cloruro de K+, Mg2+ y Ca2+ en las proporciones indicadas, no alteraba de manera significativa el fenómeno proteolítico que tuvo lugar durante su elaboración. Asimismo, el análisis sensorial mostró que los jamones elaborados con mezclas de NaCl-KCl al 50 % y concentraciones de sal alrededor de 2.5 % fueron bien valorados por el panel de catadores, mientras que en los que contenían una mayor cantidad de sal (4.5 a 5.5 %) se detectaron defectos, especialmente en cuanto al sabor amargo, debido al alto contenido en K+.

[English]: In this thesis an “in vitro” study on the effect of NaCl, KCl, MgCl2 and CaCl2 on muscle protease activities (cathepsins, dipeptidylpeptidases and aminopeptidases) was performed. It was found that KCl did not exert any significant different effect than that due to NaCl on the activity of theses enzymes, while divalent salts (CaCl2 and MgCl2) required much lower concentrations to obtain a similar enzyme inhibition rate than NaCl. Then, a series of salting treatments on dry-cured loin with partial replacement of NaCl content by chloride salts of K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ were applied, and their effects on proteolysis, lipolysis and sensory quality of the final product were assessed. From these results, those salting treatments which had obtained the best marks, consisting of 50 % NaCl-50 % KCl and 55 % NaCl, 25 % KCl, 15 % CaCl2 y 5 % MgCl2 were selected. These formulations were used for the manufacture of two batches of hams with low total salt content, around 2.5 % at the final product, with the aim to study the proteolysis phenomena during the processing and the sensory characteristics of the final product. Also, other two batches of hams using an alternative technique of salting vacuum impregnation with a total salt content among 4.5-5.5 % at the final product were elaborated and the sensory quality of the final product evaluated. These results pointed out that the partial replacement of NaCl in the dry-cured ham by the indicated K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+chloride salts mixtures, did not alter significantly the proteolytic phenomena ocurring during processing. Additionally, the sensory analysis showed that the hams manufactured with NaCl-KCl at 50 % and total concentrations of salt around 2.5 % were the most valued by the non-trained panel, whereas some defects appeared in those salted using more total salt content (4.5 -5.5 %), particularly related to bitter taste, due to the high K+ content.

268 páginas.-- Tesis Doctoral del Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos de la Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV) y del Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC).-- Fecha de lectura: 24 de Febrero de 2010.

Beca F.P.I (BES-2005-9382) del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación enmarcada dentro de los proyectos AGL 2004-05064-C02-01 y AGL 2007-65379-C02-01.

Peer reviewed

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

TECNOLOGIA DE ALIMENTOS, Sodio, Lomo curado, Jamón curado, Reducción, Análisis sensorial, Proteolisis

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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