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De edificio administrativo a palacio. La transformación del recinto superior de la alcazaba de Onda (siglo XI)

Authors: Jiménez Castillo, Pedro; Navarro Palazón, Julio; Estall i Poles, Vicent;

De edificio administrativo a palacio. La transformación del recinto superior de la alcazaba de Onda (siglo XI)

Abstract

[ES] La localidad de Onda (Castellón) ocupaba una posición estratégica entre las medinas de Valencia, Tortosa y Zaragoza, debido a lo cual, durante el siglo XI la disputaron los reinos de taifas próximos e incluso el Cid. En este periodo, Onda experimentó un desarrollo considerable del que existen huellas en las fuentes árabes, el urbanismo y la evolución de la alcazaba que la dominaba y protegía; precisamente este último aspecto es el que tratamos en la presente contribución. En concreto, nos hemos centrado en la construcción, a mediados de ese siglo, de un edificio fortificado y de planta regular, situado en el punto más alto de la colina que ocupa la alcazaba, que pudo tener usos administrativos y fiscales. Parece haber sido sustituido a fines del periodo taifa por un edificio de carácter residencial y protocolario de tipo palatino. Esta transformación refleja, según creemos, los cambios en el tiempo que experimentó la percepción que los estados taifas tenían de su propia legitimidad política, así como la manera en que se representaba en los espacios del poder. Desde el punto de vista estrictamente arquitectónico, la hipótesis de la existencia de un salón protocolario en planta alta, construido sobre el área de acceso al palacio, es quizás uno de los aspectos más relevantes que se tratan en este trabajo pues, de ser cierta esta propuesta, estaríamos ante uno de los primeros testimonios arqueológicos de una solución arquitectónica que veremos más tarde en la mayoría de los palacios andalusíes y mudéjares.

[EN] The town of Onda occupied a strategic position between the main cities of Valencia, Tortosa and Zaragoza, due to which, during the 11th century, was disputed by the nearby islamic petty kingdoms and even El Cid. In this period, Onda experienced a considerable development registered by the Arab sources, the urbanism and the evolution of the citadel that dominated and protected it; precisely this last topic is what we are dealing with in this paper. In particular, we have focused on the construction, in the middle of that century, of a fortified building with a regular floor, located at the highest point of the hill occupied by the citadel, which could have administrative and fiscal uses. This building was demolished at the end of the taifa period, and replaced by a small residential and ceremonial palace. This transformation reflects, as we believe, the changes in the time undergone by the perception that the taifas states had of their own political legitimacy, as well as the way in which it were represented in the spaces of power. From the strictly architectural point of view, the hypothesis of the existence of a protocolary hall on the upper floor, built on the bay in which the access to the palace is located, is perhaps one of the most relevant aspects addressed in this work. If this hypothesis is true, we would be facing one of the first archaeological testimonies of an architectural solution that we will see later in most of the Andalusian and Mudejar palaces.

Este trabajo se ha realizado en el marco de un Proyecto I+D, perteneciente al Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia, Subprograma Estatal de Generación del Conocimiento, del Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, convocatoria de 2015. El proyecto se titula «Almunias del Occidente islámico: arquitectura, arqueología y fuentes documentales» (HAR2015-64605-C2-1-P), ha sido cofinanciado con fondos FEDER y el investigador principal es el Dr. Julio Navarro Palazón (EEA-CSIC)

Keywords

Palacio, Representación del poder, Palace, Salón en planta alta, Al-Andalus, Upstairs reception hall, 11th century, Representation of power, Siglo XI

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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