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Influencia de los gases traza en la naturaleza oxidativa de la atmósfera

Authors: Dávalos, J.Z.;

Influencia de los gases traza en la naturaleza oxidativa de la atmósfera

Abstract

La capacidad oxidativa de la atmósfera tiene fuerte dependencia de la estructura, concentración y propiedades quimico-físicas de gases traza tales como ozono O3, óxidos de nitrógeno NOx (NO + NO2), radicales nitrato NO3 e hidroxilo OH, ácido nitroso HONO, óxidos de halógenos XO (X= Cl, Br, I), compuestos orgánicos volátiles (VOC), etc. muchos de los cuales están presentes en concentraciones muy bajas (órdenes de ppb y ppt) como productos de la fragmentación (fotolítica o térmica) de especies contaminantes emitidas tanto de fuentes naturales como antropogénicas. Todas estas especies pueden alterar la capacidad oxidativa de la atmósfera a través de procesos, que incluyen ciclos catalíticos, como la destrucción de la capa de ozono, oxidación del dimetil sulfuro, cambios en la concentración HOx/NOx, oxidación del Hg0 a HgII, etc. La modelización de la química de la atmósfera requiere información fiable y precisa de parámetros quimico-físicos (espectroscópicos, termodinámicos, cinéticos, etc) de las reacciones que involucran gases traza. Sin embargo varias de ellas son novedosas, controvertidas, no han sido suficientemente esclarecidas o apenas existe información de medidas experimentales. En este contexto la Química Computacional es una herramienta clave para abordar temas de la Química Atmósferica. Cálculos computacionales usando metodologías (DFT, ab-initio) al más alto nivel se requieren para optimizar estructuras, determinar propiedades de estabilidad termodinámica, abordar estados electrónicos excitados o dilucidar caminos reaccionales. Toda esta información permite proponer mecanismos y modelos novedosos para explicar el efecto de los gases traza sobre fenómenos atmosféricos diversos.

IX Semana de la investigación científica del I Congreso Internacional en investigación, innovación y emprendimiento en tiempos de COVID-19, Cusco, Perú del 06 al 09 Octubre 2020; modalidad virtual

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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