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handle: 10261/236688
[ES] El trabajo estudia la "construcción comitativa" desde una perspectiva diacrónica, con particular atención al español americano. Primero analiza de manera crítica lo que han expresado las gramáticas y los especialistas acerca de su uso dialectal, para describir después la construcción tratando de delimitar, desde un nuevo enfoque, los rasgos que la caracterizan. A partir del análisis de los casos actuales e históricos y de las evidencias halladas en los corpus históricos americanos, se estudia como caso específico de variación derivada de la variación en la concordancia sujeto-verbo en frases preposicionales encabezadas por con. Se interpreta que, en la aquí denominada "construcción comitativa coordinante", la partícula con gramaticaliza cambiando su uso prepositivo a uno conjuntivo y se considera que el rasgo de la persona gramatical es clave en este uso dialectal. Para explicar su posible mayor grado de presencia en determinados dialectos que están en contacto con otras lenguas que también la tienen -como el catalán o el quechua-, se apunta a la causación múltiple. Siendo una estructura que existía en latín y que se da en otras lenguas románicas, los factores internos de la lengua junto a los externos del contacto de lenguas estarían en la base de la emergencia y del grado de uso de este caso de variación sintáctica del español.
[EN] The present work studies the "comitative construction" from a diachronic perspective, with special attention to American Spanish. It starts by giving a critical analysis of what grammars and specialists have recorded on the dialectal uses of this form, and then describes the construction, using new approaches to delimit its characteristic features. Stemming from the analysis of current and historical data, as well American historical corpora, the study defines the construction as a specific case of variation derived from the variation in subject-verb agreement found in prepositional phrases headed by con. We argue that, in the so-called "coordinating comitative construction", the preposition con is grammaticalized, changing its use from prepositional to conjunctival. In this dialectal use of the construction, the notion of grammatical person is key. The possible higher frequency of these forms in dialects which are in contact with languages which also have it-such as Catalan or Quechua-, can be explained by a combination of factors. This structure was found in Latin and it appears in other Romance languages, so internal linguistic factors, along with the external ones related to languages in contact, are both critical in accounting for the appearance and degree of use of this case of syntactic variation in Spanish.
Peer reviewed
Comitative agreement, Español, Gramaticalización, Variación lingüística, Grammaticalization, Language variation, Spanish, Concordancia comitativa
Comitative agreement, Español, Gramaticalización, Variación lingüística, Grammaticalization, Language variation, Spanish, Concordancia comitativa
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