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Doctoral thesis . 2010 . Peer-reviewed
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Estudis sobre dessaturases d'àcids grassos d'insectes. Implicacions en la biosíntesi d'esfingolípids

Authors: Villorbina Noguera, Gemma;

Estudis sobre dessaturases d'àcids grassos d'insectes. Implicacions en la biosíntesi d'esfingolípids

Abstract

Amb la finalitat d’extendre aquestes investigacions a d’altres dessaturases d’interès biològic, ens proposarem estudiar els requeriments estructurals del substrat de la dihidroceramida dessaturasa. Per tal d’obtenir un elevat nombre d’anàlegs per aquests estudis d’especificitat, es pensà en l’aplicació de les tècniques de química combinatòria. En relació amb aquesta temàtica, en el Capítol 4 d’aquesta tesi es descriu una metodologia per a la síntesi de quimioteques d’anàlegs de ceramides, i la seva aplicació per a la preparació d’una col•lecció exploratòria per tal d’estudiar la especificitat pel substrat de la dihidroceramida dessaturasa.

Prenent les dessaturases com a centre d’interès d’aquesta tesi, el treball que es presenta en aquesta memòria està dividit, formalment, en dues parts. En la primera (Capitols 2 i 3), s’estudien aspectes relacionats amb dessaturases de lepidopters. Així, en el Capítol 2 s’investiga la relació entre determinades dessaturases i la variació fenotípica en l’estructura de la feromona sexual de dues espècies del gènere Thaumetopoea i es demostra que la producció d’un complex feromonal concret es deu, més que a la existència de dessaturases altament específiques, a la presència de substrats determinats.

With the purpose to extend this research in other biological interesting desaturases, we will propose to study the structural requirements for dihydroceramide desaturase substrate. With the goal of obtaining a high number of analogous to study the specificity, combinatory chemistry techniques are applied. In relation to this subject matter, in chapter 4 of this thesis it is described a methodology for the synthesis of ceramide analogous libraries, and their application for the preparation of an exploratory collection in order to study the substrate specificity of the dihydroceramide desaturase.

Taking the dessaturases as a center of interest, the work that is presented in this memory is divided, formally, into two parts. In the first part (Chapters 2 and 3); we studied different aspects related with lepidopters desaturases. Thus, in chapter 2 the relationship among determinate desaturases and phenotype variation in the sexual pheromone structure of two species of the genera Thaumetopoea is investigated and it is demonstrated that the production of a pheromonal complex is determined by the presence of specific substrate.

[CAT] En aquesta tesi s’han abordat estudis sobre dues famílies de lípids: les feromones sexuals d’insectes i els esfingolípids. El nexe d’unió d’un grup amb l’altre han estat les dessaturases. Les dessaturases d’àcids grassos són enzims fonamentals en la biosíntesi de les feromones sexuals dels lepidòpters, mentre que la dihidroceramida dessaturasa és un enzim clau en la biosíntesi dels esfingolípids.

The low specificity of some acil-CoA desaturases and the possibility to bring more information about the extent of the reactions catalyzed by these enzymes, we studied in chapter 3 the activity of the ∆11-desaturase of Spodoptera littoralis with cyclopropyl fatty acids as substrate, and it is demonstrated the transformation into the corresponding 11 cyclopropylidene acids.

[EN] In this thesis studies about two families of lipids: the insect sexual pheromones and esfingolipids were approached. Desaturases have been the link between these two groups. The fatty acids desaturases are essential enzymes in the biosynthesis of moth sexual pheromones, while the dihydroceramide desaturase is a key enzyme in the esfingolipids biosynthesis.

Tenint en compte la baixa especificitat d’algunes acil-CoA dessaturases, i per tal d’aportar més dades sobre l’abast de les reaccións catalitzades per aquests enzims, en el Capítol 3 s’estudia l’activitat de la Δ11-dessaturasa de l’Spodoptera littoralis sobre substrats ciclopropànics, i es demostra la formació de metilenciclopropans.

Tesis del Departamen de Química Orgànica de la Universitat de Barcelona.-- Fecha de defensa 04-02-2005

Peer reviewed

Country
Spain
Keywords

Biosíntesi, Sphingolipids, Dessaturases, Feromones sexuals d'insectes, Àcids grassos, 547, Biosynthesis, Lipids, Pheromones, Ciències Experimentals i Matemàtiques, Insectes, Lepidoptera, Insects, Feromones, Lípids, Fatty acids, Lepidòpters, Esfingolípids

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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