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DIGITAL.CSIC
Doctoral thesis . 2010 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: DIGITAL.CSIC
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Diseño y síntesis de péptidos para el diagnóstico de la infección por el virus de la hepatitis G (GBV-C/HGV)

Authors: Pérez Escoda, María Teresa;

Diseño y síntesis de péptidos para el diagnóstico de la infección por el virus de la hepatitis G (GBV-C/HGV)

Abstract

[ES] El virus de la hepatitis G (GBV-C/HGV) es un virus ARN perteneciente a la familia Flaviviridae. Su prevalencia, basada en la positividad del ARN, oscila entre el 1 y el 4% en la población general. Sin embargo este porcentaje aumenta hasta el 20-30% en los individuos expuestos a sangre o sus derivados, en individuos infectados por el virus de la hepatitis C o por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (HIV), hecho que indica que se transmite principalmente por vía parenteral. Aunque no está claro su potencial patogénico, los estudios más recientes sugieren que la infección por este virus reduce la mortalidad en los pacientes infectados por el HIV, de ahí el interés en disponer de una herramienta que permita el diagnóstico de la infección por GBV-C/HGV de un modo rápido y sencillo. Desde hace años, los péptidos sintéticos se vienen utilizando en sistemas de diagnóstico para muchas enfermedades, sin embargo, los péptidos lineales que mimetizan epítopos B son débilmente reconocidos por los anticuerpos, y por ello, existe la tendencia de utilizar combinaciones más complejas que permitan mejorar tanto la sensibilidad como la especificidad de los ensayos.

La capacidad antigénica de las construcciones sintéticas se ha evaluado utilizando principalmente la técnica del enzimoinmunoensayo (ELISA) aunque también se ha investigado la utilidad de la técnica de la resonancia del plasmón de superficie (SPR) para detectar la presencia de anticuerpos anti-GBV-C/HGV en muestras de suero de individuos pertenecientes tanto a los grupos de riesgo como en la población sana. Además, se ha realizado un estudio conformacional con la finalidad de establecer una correlación entre la estructura secundaria adoptada por los péptidos y su capacidad antigénica. Finalmente, se ha estudiado la capacidad inmunogénica de las construcciones peptídicas en animales de experimentación.

[EN] The GB virus C, so called hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/HGV), is a single-strand RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family. The prevalence rate of GBV-C/HGV in healthy blood donors is 1-4% in worldwide and about 20-35% in high risk populations, thus indicating that this virus is transmitted via the parenteral route. Although controversial data exit concerning the potential to cause hepatitis in humans recent studies suggest that coinfection with HIV is associated with prolonged survival. For this reason it would be interesting to find an easy tool to diagnose this apparently non-pathogenic virus.

In this thesis, new putative epitopes located both in envelope and in nonstructural proteins of GBV-C/HGV were synthesized using solid-phase chemistry. The corresponding synthetic peptides, obtained in linear, multimeric and cyclic forms, were used as antigens in ELISA and in real-time bioespecific interaction measurements (SPR) to detect GBV-C/HGV-specific antibodies in different panels of human sera. Furthermore, CD and FT-IR have been used in conjunction to characterize the conformational changes therein with synthetic constructs that could explain their different antigenicity.

The results obtained showed, on one hand, that the combination of different antigens seems to be necessary to ensure good sensitivity and more specificity and, on the other hand, that cyclic compounds show higher ability to recognize anti-GBV-C/HGV antibodies than its parent peptide. Our results offer a new approach to develop new diagnostic peptide based biosensors for serodiagnosis of GBV-C/HGV infection.

In recent years, synthetic peptides that mimic specific epitopes of infectious agents have been used in diagnostic systems for various diseases. The main drawback of this approach is that peptides representing topographic B-cell epitopes are poorly recognised by antibodies. There is a tendency toward using chimeric to avoid those problems and to improve the sensitivity and specificity of the assays.

En esta tesis se han diseñado y sintetizado, utilizando la metodología de síntesis en fase sólida, construcciones peptídicas en las que se combinan regiones de proteínas de envoltura y no estructurales. Se han sintetizado tanto péptidos quiméricos, que contienen más de un epítopo (lineales y ramificados), como péptidos cíclicos en los que los epítopos sufren restricción de movilidad.

Los resultados obtenidos muestran, por un lado, que las construcciones en las que se combinan varios epítopos son las que presentan una mejor precisión diagnóstica, y por otro lado, que la introducción de restricción de movilidad permite incrementar la sensibilidad mostrada por la molécula precursora lineal.

Tesis del Departament de Fisicoquímica de la Univeristat de Barcelona (UB).-- Fecha de defensa 30-05-2007.

Programa de doctorado "Medicaments, medicació i salut" Bienio: 2000-2002.

Country
Spain
Keywords

Pèptids sintètics, Hepatitis G, Peptide synthesis, Virus GB C, 615, Flaviviridae, GB virus C, Virus ARN, Síntesi de pèptids, Ciències de la Salut

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