Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneousgroup of clonal stem cell disorders characterised by ineffec-tive haematopoiesis leading to peripheral blood cytopeniasand an increased risk of transformation to acute myeloid leu-kaemia (AML) (Haferlachet al., 2014; Makishimaet al.,2017). One of the most common cytogenetic alterations isthe deletion of the long arm of chromosome 5q [del(5q)],which can be found isolated or with other alterations (10–30% of patients with MDS). Lenalidomide (LEN) has beenapproved for the treatment of patients with del(5q) low‐riskMDS and transfusion dependence. Almost 50% of patientswith del(5q) will show a complete cytogenetic remission and70% of them will reach transfusion independence (Listet al.,2006)...

Financial support: This work was supported in part by agrant from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio deEconomia y Competividad, Spain (PI/14/00013; PI/17/0575);2017 SGR288 (GRC) Generalitat de Catalunya, economicalsupport from CERCA Program/Generalitat de Catalunya,FundacióInternacional Josep Carreras and from CelgeneSpain. The research leading to this invention has receivedfunding from ‘la Caixa’ Foundation.

Biotecnología