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Connectivity of the deep-sea red shrimp Aristeus antennatus in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea by modeling the Lagrangian transport of larvae

Authors: Clavel-Henry, Morane;

Connectivity of the deep-sea red shrimp Aristeus antennatus in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea by modeling the Lagrangian transport of larvae

Abstract

[CAT] La connectivitat de la gamba vermella d'aigües profundes, Aristeus antennatus, és de gran interès per a una adequada gestió pesquera. Aquesta espècie concentra el major esforç pesquer i reporta els majors beneficis econòmics de l’art d’arrossegament a l'oest i centre de la mar Mediterrània. El coneixement sobre la connectivitat d'una població contribueix a establir-ne els límits, dimensions i localització geogràfica i, per tant, ajuda a delimitar les àrees regulades de pesca. Els estudis de genètica poblacional duts a terme al nord-oest de la mar Mediterrània, demostren la existència d’una alta connectivitat entre les poblacions explotades de la gamba vermella present al talús continental. No obstant això, encara avui en dia hi ha una gran manca que coneixement sobre el procés que condueix a la barreja de gens, això impedeix una gestió pesquera acurada d’aquest important recurs. La barreja de gens depèn directament de si es dóna durant la fase larvària o post-larvària, és a dir, de si la barreja genètica es realitza per desplaçament d'adults o per transport de larves. En aquesta tesi, s’explora el transport larvari com a hipòtesi principal de les altes taxes de connectivitat genètica. Malgrat les limitacions derivades d’una manca de bibliografia sobre les característiques físiques de l'ou de la gamba vermella i les seves etapes larvàries, hem construït diversos Models Basats en Individus (o Individual-Based Models, IBM). Aquests IBMs s’han basat en l'acoblament de models de transport hidrodinàmics i lagrangians. Utilitzant-los, hem simulat el transport de les etapes pelàgiques pre-adultes incloent hipòtesis sobre les característiques larvàries. L’objectiu d’aquesta tesi ha estat identificar els trets larvaris significativament determinants de la connectivitat entre les poblacions de gamba vermella i, a més, estimar les principals rutes de transport larvari, tenint en compte les variacions ambientals a nivell temporal i espacial. [...]

[EN] The connectivity of the deep-sea blue and red shrimp Aristeus antennatus, the most targeted species by trawl fisheries in the western and central Mediterranean Sea, is an information of interest for the management policies and contribute to shape the fishery-regulated areas, their sizes, and locations. In the northwestern Mediterranean Sea, genetic studies demonstrated high connectivity among the exploited shrimp populations living on the continental slope. Nonetheless, the process leading to the gene mixing has not been defined yet, which caused an issue for the fishery management. In fact, regulation can be addressed differently if the mixing is done by displacement of adults or by transport of larvae. In this thesis, even though we lacked a strong knowledge about the shrimp egg and larval stages, we explored the larval transport that was assumed like the origin explaining high connectivity rates. To do so, several individual-based models (IBMs) were built by coupling hydrodynamic and Lagrangian transport models. They simulated the transport of the pelagic young stages by including hypothesis on the larval characteristics. With this method, we aimed to identify the larval traits that significantly modify the connectivity of the shrimp populations and to estimate the main paths of larval transport within variable hydrodynamics in time and space. The IBM methods rely on the well-representation of the regional circulation that we checked by comparing the transport simulations between two differentlyparameterized hydrodynamic models. The IBM methods rely as well on the model initialization driven by the spawners conditions such as the release time and location. For this last point, a species distribution model set on the spawner biomass allowed to adjust the locations of release. [...]

[ES] Comprender los mecanismos que regulan la conectividad poblacional de la gamba roja de aguas profundas Aristeus antennatus, como especie objetivo de las pesquerías en el mar Mediterráneo occidental, es de gran interés para las políticas de gestión y puede contribuir a establecer tamaños y ubicaciones de áreas marinas protegidas. En el mar Mediterráneo noroccidental, estudios de genética poblacional de la gamba han mostrado que existe alta conectividad entre las diferentes poblaciones a lo largo del talud continental. Sin embargo, los factores que influyen en dicha conectividad aún se desconocen, lo cual dificulta la implantación de planes integrales de manejo. Las medidas de gestión podrían variar en función del mecanismo de conectividad ligado al desplazamiento de adultos o al transporte de huevos y larvas. En esta tesis, a pesar de que se carecía de un conocimiento claro de los procesos de transporte de los huevos y larvas de la gamba roja, se exploró la dinámica del transporte larvario mediante simulaciones numéricas, para explicar las altas tasas de conectividad genética de las poblaciones. Para esto, se construyeron diversos modelos basados en el individuo (Individual-Based Models, IBM), combinando modelos de transporte hidrodinámico y de dispersión lagrangiana. Se simuló el transporte de larvas en sus primeras etapas de desarrollo, asumiendo diversas características larvarias, para identificar rasgos que pudieran estar influyendo de manera significativa en la conectividad entre poblaciones. Se identificaron diversas rutas de transporte larvario teniendo en cuenta las condiciones hidrodinámicas y sus cambios en el tiempo. [...]

The present thesis was carried out in the Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC) within the framework of the CONECTA project (CONECTividad poblacional en la gamba rosada. Aristeus antennatus en el Mediterráneo noroccidental entre el Golfo de León y el Golfo de Valencia modelo de deriva LARvaria; CTM2014-54648-C2-1-R) led by J.B. Company Claret. The thesis and the short-stay research grant were funded by the predoctoral fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (BES-2015-074126)

Memoria de tesis doctoral presentada por Morane Clavel-Henry para obtener el título de Doctora en Ciencias del Mar por la Universitat de Barcelona (UB), realizada bajo la dirección del Dr. Nixon Bahamon Rivera del Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC) y del Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC), y del Dr. Jordi Solé Ollé del Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC).-- 274 pages, 57 figures, 8 tables, 2 annexes

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Larvas, Western Mediterranean, Mediterráneo occidental, Poblacions de animales, Marisco, Larves, 59, Animal populations, Marisc, Poblacions animals, Ciències Experimentals i Matemàtiques, Larvae, Seafood, Mediterrània occidental

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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