Fingerprinting of the main lipid components of the digestive gland of the Icelandic scallop-Chlamys islandica-has been performed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with time of flight high-resolution mass spectrometry, UHPLC-HRMS/ToF. This method allowed the identification of 224 lipids, including phosphatidylcholines (PC), plasmanyl (PC-O)/plasmenyl (PC-P) phosphatidylcholines, lyso-phosphatidylcholines (LPC), and their plasmanyl/plasmenyl forms (LPC-O/LPC-P). Diacylglycerols (DG), triacylglycerols (TG), and cholesteryl esters (CE) were the neutral lipids (NL) analyzed. While all of the lipids showed a strong seasonal dependence in terms of quantity, only NLs presented significant qualitative changes. Principal component analysis (PCA) of TG and DG profiles evidenced a prevalence of low unsaturated TGs and DGs in spring, which were replaced by species with a higher degree of unsaturations in summer. In autumn, long and highly unsaturated TGs constitute the lipid fraction of the digestive gland of the scallop, while DG species offer a mixed profile. This study contributes to the characterization and the elucidation of the lipidome of Chlamys islandica and provides baseline data for further study of the effects of pollutants on the lipidome of the Icelandic scallop, often used as a sentinel species in biomonitoring programs.