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DIGITAL.CSIC
Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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Biotecnología para la utilización de la biomasa lignocelulósica

Authors: Prieto Orzanco, Alicia; Camarero, Susana; Ruiz-Dueñas, F. J.; Martínez, Ángel T.; Martínez, María Jesús;

Biotecnología para la utilización de la biomasa lignocelulósica

Abstract

Nuestro grupo de investigación, coordinado por los Dres. Ángel T. Martínez y Mª Jesús Martínez, estáintegrado en el Departamento de Biología Medioambiental y en la Unidad IPSBB (Integrated Protein Science for Biomedicine and Biotechnology) del Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB) de Madrid, uno de los centros pluridisciplinares de mayor tradición en el área de Biología en España. El principal objetivo de nuestro trabajo es aplicar microorganismos, principalmente hongos filamentosos, y sus enzimas extracelulares, en procesos industriales destinados a la obtención de combustibles, materiales y productos químicos a partir de recursos vegetales renovables, tratando de contribuir al desarrollo sostenible de nuestra sociedad. Estas actividades se concretan en varios proyectos de investigación, estructurados en torno a dos grandes líneas que abordan la bioconversión de distintos componentes de la biomasa vegetal. Los componentes de la pared celular sobre los que trabajamos, por ser muy abundantes en la naturaleza, son los polisacáridos (celulosa y hemicelulosa) y la lignina.

Los primeros son transformados gracias a la acción concertada de varias glicosil hidrolasas (principalmente endoglucanasas, endoxilanasas y gluco y xilosidasas, junto con LPMOs –lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases-), mientras que la degradación del polímero de lignina se lleva a cabo gracias a la intervención de un complejo sistema enzimático extracelular en el que las oxidorreductasas ligninolíticas (principalmente peroxidasas y lacasas) y otras enzimas auxiliares (GMC oxidasas/deshidrogenasas) juegan un papel fundamental. Los lípidos son otros de los componentes importantes en muchos residuos urbanos e industriales procedentes de biomasa vegetal y también pueden ser modificados y valorizados mediante el empleo de lipasas y esterol esterasas.

Peer reviewed

2 p.- 1 fig.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Biotecnología, Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation, Industria sostenible, Lignocelulosa, Biomasa, http://metadata.un.org/sdg/9

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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