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La datación arqueomagnética en España: Fundamentos, estado actual y prespectivas de futuro

Authors: Rivero-Montero, Mercedes; Pérez-Fuentes, J. C.; Osete, María Luisa; Pavón-Carrasco, Fco. Javier; Palencia-Ortas, A.; Molina‐Cardín, Alberto; Campuzano, S. A.; +4 Authors

La datación arqueomagnética en España: Fundamentos, estado actual y prespectivas de futuro

Abstract

[ES] La datación arqueomagnética está basada en dos principios básicos: la variación secular del campo magnético terrestre y el magnetismo termorremanente que adquieren las estructuras de combustión durante su último enfriamiento. El campo magnético terrestre se describe a partir de sus componentes: declinación, inclinación e intensidad. Estos parámetros sufren una variación de largo periodo, de origen interno, denominada Variación Secular. Dicha variación puede ser determinada en el pasado a partir del estudio de estructuras bien datadas. Una vez obtenida la “Curva de Variación Paleosecular” (PSVC) para una región, ésta puede utilizarse como curva de calibración para datar otras estructuras. En el caso de la Península Ibérica, disponemos de aproximadamente 200 datos arqueomagnéticos direccionales que, junto con los datos del sur de Francia y del norte de Marruecos permitirán en un futuro próximo establecer una PSVC de Iberia para los últimos 3000 años. En el momento actual, la curva direccional de referencia que mejor definición tiene para la península es la curva sintética generada por el modelo regional europeo SCHA.DIF.3k. Con ella es posible realizar dataciones arqueomagnéticas direccionales, utilizando la herramienta archaeo_dating. Las estructuras que se pueden datar mediante esta técnica deben haber sufrido calentamientos moderados (300ºC o superiores) y los materiales deben muestrearse in situ. Se presenta en este trabajo detalles del trabajo de campo y de laboratorio así como los resultados de los estudios realizados hasta el momento y las perspectivas futuras de la técnica.

[EN] Archaeomagnetic dating is based on two basic principles: Earth’s magnetic field’s secular variation and thermoremanent magnetization acquired by combustion related structures over their last cooling. Earth’s magnetic field can be described through its components: declination, inclination and intensity. These parameters show a variation of internal origin over long time periods, known as Secular Variation. This variation can be determined in the past by studying well-dated structures. Once the Paleosecular Variation Curve (PSVC) for a given region is obtained, it can be used as a calibration curve for dating other structures. For the Iberian Peninsula, approximately 200 archaeomagnetic directional data points are available. Together with data from southern France and northern Morocco, they will allow for an Iberian PSVC for the last 3000 years. Currently, the best-defined directional reference curve for the Peninsula is the one defined by the European regional SCHA.DIF.3k model, which allows us to perform archaeomagnetic dating through the archaeo_dating tool. Structures to be dated must have been undergone moderate heating (300ºC or above) and materials must have been sampled in situ. In this work, details of field and laboratory work are presented, as well as results from studies performed to date and insights on the future of this technique.

Trabajo presentado en el 9ª Asamblea Hispano Portuguesa de Geodesia y Geofísica, celebrada en Madrid (España), del 28 al 30 de junio de 2016

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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