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handle: 10261/18803
[EN] The weathering of volcanic materials (basaltic and phonolitic) in the genesis of andosols, has been studied in four profiles located at different climatic environments in the Island of Tenerife (Canary islands). Changes wich take place in the mineral suite on weathering from fresh and altered rocks to soil, up to the surface horizons are examined in both primary and secondary minerals. Mineral identification was carried out through X-Ray, Thermal-Differential-analysis and electron microscope. The main change on weathering was the progressive transformation of minerals in the sequence allophane-halloysite-kaolinite. This sequence does not depend on climatic and petrographic conditions. however there are other differences due to climate between profile 1 and 2 (sites with higher rainfall and less extreme temperatures) and profile 3 and 4 we find no formation of kaolinite and gibbsite, in contrast to profiles from the northern part of the island. there are however primary minerals (basic plagioclase, augit) even in the silt-fraction of profiles 3 and 4 yielding a strong indication for prediminating physical weathering.
[AL] In vier Bodenprofilen über vulkanischen Gesteinen als Ausgangsmaterial wurden Mineralumwandlungen unter z. T. unterschiedlichen und z. T. gleichen klimatischen bedingungen untersucht. Die veränderungen im Mineralbestand vom Muttergestein bis zum Boden wurden durch Röntgendiffraktometrie, Differential-Thermoanalyse, Licht- und Elektronenmikroskopie verfolgt. Dabei konnte die Abfolge Allophan - Halloysit - Kaolinit unabhängig von den verschiedenen klimatischen und petrographischen Bedingungen festgestellt werden. Unterschiede, die auf das Klima zurückzuführen sind, fanden sich zwischen den Profilen 1 und 2 (Positionen mit höherem Niederschlag und geringeren Temperaturunterschieden) und den Profilen 3 und 4 (geringer niederschlag, hohe Temeperaturunterschiede). In diesen Profilen kam es im gegensatz zu den Böden der Nordseite der Insel (1,2) nicht zur Bildung von Kaolinit und Gibbsit. Hier liegen selbst in der Schluff-Fraktion noch hohe gehalte von Primärmineralen (basischer Plagioklas, Augit) vor, wodurch eindeutig das Vorherrschen physikalischer Verwitterungsbedingungen markiert wird.
43 seiten, 33 abbildungen, 5 tabellen.-- Conclusiones en español.
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