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Polímeros y copolímeros bloque estimulables con luz basados en la química supramolecular

Authors: Marín Miana, Iván;

Polímeros y copolímeros bloque estimulables con luz basados en la química supramolecular

Abstract

[ES]: Polímeros y copolímeros bloque estimulables con luz basados en la química supramolecular:Los copolímeros bloque anfifilos pueden autoensamblarse en disolventes selectivos para formar nanoagregados, los cuales tienen aplicaciones en campos como la medicina, ya que pueden utilizarse como medio para transportar fármacos en su interior. Si estos copolímeros son sensibles a algún tipo de estímulo podemos controlar la liberación de los fármacos; uno de los estímulos más interesantes es la luz ya que se puede manejar con facilidad y su acción puede estar muy localizada espacial y temporalmente. Para dotar a los polímeros de esa sensibilidad a la luz se puede optar por incorporarles unidades que isomericen o que reaccionen con la luz. En relación con la isomerización destacan los azobencenos, que debido a su fotoisomerización entre sus isómeros E y Z resultan idóneos para esta función. En este trabajo el objetivo principal ha sido la preparación de copolimeros bloque que contienen unidades de adenina los cuales permiten generar complejos supramoleculares con azocompuestos que posean grupos timina terminales. De esta manera la funcionalización del polímero se realiza por reconocimiento molecular vía enlaces de hidrógeno. También se ha estudiado el autoensamblaje en agua para generar nanoagregados. Para conseguir estos objetivos se han sintetizado copolimeros bloque utilizando la polimerización RAFT; estos copolímeros poseen un bloque hidrófilo de PEG y uno hidrófobo de polimetacrilato con los derivados de adenina. Los azobenceno fueron unidos por dos enlaces de hidrogeno adenina-timina para dar copolimeros bloque anfifilos supramoleculares. Todos los copolimeros fueron caracterizados adecuadamente con técnicas espectroscópicas y mediante caracterización térmica.

[EN]: Amphiphilic block copolymers can self-assemble in selective solvents in order to form nanoaggregates, which have applications in fields such as medicine, as they can be used as a way of carrying drugs. If these copolymers have a response to stimuli the delivery of drugs can be controlled. Light is a stimulus of particular interest because it is easy to manipulate and can be spatially and temporally controlled. To achieve light responsive polymers, photoisomerizable or photoreactive molecules are usually incorporated. In case of photoisomerization, azobenzenes are the most widely used light-responsive moiety. E and Z isomers of azobenzene can be reversibly obtained by irradiation, which make them suitable for these purposes. Main objective of this work has been the preparation of block copolymers containing adenine units, which can generate supramolecular complexes with azocompounds having complementary thymine groups. Thus, the functionalization of the polymers is carried out by molecular recognition via H-bonding. The self-asembly in water to generate nanoaggregates has been also studied. In order to get these objectives block copolymers have been synthesized using the RAFT polymerization. The block copolymers contain a hydrophilic PEG block and a hydrophobic polymethacrylate block with side adenine groups. The azobenzene were linked by hydrogen bonding adenine-thymine to achieve the supramolecular amphiphilic block copolymers. All copolymers were properly characterized by spectroscopic techniques and by thermal characterization.

Grado en Química.

Peer reviewed

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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