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Arqueozoologia cultural: o aerofone de Conímbriga

Authors: Moreno García, Marta;

Arqueozoologia cultural: o aerofone de Conímbriga

Abstract

[POR] Muitos dos objectos em osso trabalhados, expostos ou depositados em colecções museológicas, carecem de identificação osteológica e taxonómica. Este não seria o caso do aerofone romano de Conímbriga, identificado como "muito possivelmente pertencente a uma tíbia de uma ave pernalta" (Pessoa et al, 2000, p.24). O presente trabalho vem contrariar aquela identificação. Trata-se de um osso da asa - a ulna, pertencente a uma ave com outras características. Foram colocadas duas hipóteses: Grifo ou Abutre-preto. Explorando um pormenor osteológico - o posicionamento do foramen nutricional na diáfise daquele osso, foi possível diferenciá- las, ficando evidenciada a sua atribuição a Grifo (Gyps fulvus). A ocorrência de uma série de aerofones, manufacturados sobre o mesmo tipo de suporte em outros períodos históricos da Península Ibérica chega à actualidade, evidenciando a continuidade de uma prática cultural relacionada com a existência de populações daquelas aves necrófagas no Sul da Europa. Por outro lado, o bom estado de conservação deste aerofone constitui um exemplo raro, que outras áreas de pesquisa poderão explorar, ampliando com o seu contributo o conhecimento dos instrumentos musicais de sopro do Período Romano.

[EN] Many worked bone objects from archaeological sites exhibited or stored in museums lack anatomical and taxonomical identification. This was not the case for the Conimbriga Roman wind musical instrument identified as "probably belonging to the tibia of a long-legged bird" (Pessoa et al., 2000, p. 24). Here we suggest that it was misidentified. It is made from a bird ulna, one of the bones that constitute the wing. The two most likely species are: Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus) and Black Vulture (Aegypius monachus). Differences in the location of the nutrient foramen in the diaphysis of the ulna in these species allow us to suggest that the Conímbriga aerophone was made from a Griffon ulna. In the Iberian Peninsula, there is a long tradition of using bird ulnae to make wind instruments which survives to the present day. It may be related to the survival of these birds of prey in Southern Europe. The excellent state of preservation of this instrument makes it unique and we suggest that it could form the basis for further research on Roman music.

Peer reviewed

Keywords

Arqueozoología, Arqueología

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
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