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DIGITAL.CSIC
Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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Distribución de especies de la subfamilia Myrmicinae Formicidae en Chile

Authors: Ipinza-Regla, Joaquín H.; Covarrubias Berrios, René;

Distribución de especies de la subfamilia Myrmicinae Formicidae en Chile

Abstract

[ES] El estudio de las hormigas chilenas se remonta a las descripciones de SPINOLA (1851), quien describe siete especies autóctonas, nuevas para la ciencia ; BERG (1890) menciona 23 especies para Chile ; EMERY (1894) selecciona, al igual que BERG, 23 especies para Chile ; MENOZZI (1935) registra un total de 56 formas chilenas ; GOETSCH y MENOZZI (1935) tradujeron al alemán una lista elaborada por MENOZZI del trabajo anterior ; KEMPF (1970) menciona 52 especies para Chile ; la revisión más reciente es la de SNELLING y HUNT (1975), quienes mencionan 62 especies de formícidos para el país, de las cuales 20 pertenecen a la subfamilia Myrnticinae, las que se agrupan en siete géneros. La distribución geográfica de estas especies se conoce solamente por los nombres de localidades diversas dadas por los autores, en muchos casos limitado a un número muy reducido de ellas ; además, no se dan datos acerca del tipo de ambiente en que viven las especies, lo que es una insuficiencia para cualquier análisis de tipo ecológico o biogeográfico. Creernos de especial interés profundizar en estos aspectos, precisando la distribución de las hormigas por tipo de ecosistema, en especial por tipo de comunidad a la que se encuentran asociadas, o por otras clasificaciones de interés, tal como la bioclimática. Señalar estas distribuciones adquiere especial significación en el caso del territorio chileno, que está formado por un mosaico de ecosistemas, que a veces presentan variaciones extremas en muy pequeñas distancias, por lo que el simple nombre de tina localidad o región no aclara la afinidad ecológica. El propósito del presente trabajo es, entonces, ampliar ton nuestros propios hallazgos la distribución conocida de las especies de la subfamilia Mvrinicinae y, por otra parte, asociar esta distribución a los ambientes ecológicos en que estas especies se presentan.

[EN] For all species of chilean Myrmicinae a detailed analysis is made, of the localities in which they are present ; for this purpose all data in the literature were compiled and our own data, that is 132 sarnples from all over the chilean territory, were also taken account. The distribution of the different species is studied according to the types of ecological environments they prefer. Two types of classifications of the habitats were taken : 1. MANN'S "Biogeographic communities" and 2. Di CASTRI' S "Bioclimatic Regions". Fig. 1. A and B shows the habitat pt eferences of all the species of chilean Myrmicinae, according to the aboye cited classifications. Myrmicinac are present in all types of Biogeographic comrnunities but, up to now, thev lack in 2 of the 15 Bioclimatic Regions, that is in the "High-Tropical" and the " coldtemperate- oceanic" regions. Species's richness was higher in the biogeographic communities of "savanne" and "selva", or in the bioclimatic regions included between the "arid-mediterranean" and the "oceanic with mediterranean influence". The frequence of the species in the samples is also analyzed and suggested as a property of the species's populations.

Peer reviewed

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Hymenoptera, Formicidae

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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