
handle: 10261/165930
[EN] A report is given of the study of a series of samples collected, during March-April 1947, in various waters of an endorreic country in the Newkastilian Meseta, betwen 638-660 meters of altitude (see sketch fig. 1). The climate is hard : the average monthly temperatures range from 5 to 25.5° C., with absolute maxima of 43° and mínima below —10*5 C. The yearly rainfall amounts 350-400 mm. The ground is salty or gypsy in numerous spots. The low depressions are outflow in the rain saisons by the inundation waters spreading from rivers, and then allowed to concéntrate (up to 300 and more gr. per liter) and generally to dry completely in summer. The waters are then most temporary and highly astatic. The salinity is due mostly to sulphates and chlorides. Magnesium sulphate is obtained from some of the salty lagoons. The biota are not very rich, but interesting. A new euphyllopoda —Branchinecta Cervantesi, belonging to the groupe ferox-orientalis— is described, and some species are recorded for the first time in Spain. Not well structured bioce- nosis, but somewhat chaotic communities are found in the astatic waters. Nearly all the species found may be distributed, ecologically, as fresh water (66 %), brackish (20 %), marine (2 %), soil dwelling (2 %) and «stepparian» (10 %). The last group is the most interesting, showing marked biogeographical affinities with the biota of N. Africa and Central and West Asia. Two hypotesis may be forwarded on the presence of these species, either they may be survivants of prepleistocene conditions, whem the steppic ecological zone has a wide range, or they are interglacial autoinmigrants coming fron Northern Africa. The author believes more probable the first hypotesis
[ES] La Península Ibérica presenta una serie de rasgos característicos desde el punto de vista de la biogeofrafía histórica. Seguramente es por haber permanecido relativamente menos afectada por los importantes cambios que han modificaco los biotas europeos desde fines del terciario, que conserva un gran número de especies antiguas, o sea, especies muy parecidas y aún idénticas a formas que debieron experimentar su mayor dispersión durante el terciario. Estas especies dan razón de las muchas afinidades bióticas entre nuestra Península, el Norte de Africa y el Asia Central, a la vez que de las desemejanzas florísticas y faunísticas entre buena parte del área peninsular y la zona pirenaica, más próxima ésta por sus biotas al resto de Europa ; el mismo contraste, más o menos atenuado, persiste entre España y otras tierras europeas situadas a la misma latitud, como es, por ejemplo, Italia. Estos hechos se llegan a apreciar claramente aún entre los organismos acuáticos, a pesar de que la circunstancia de contarse entre ellos muchas especies eurícoras y aún cosmopolitas, pudiera hacer creer que la fauna y flora de las aguas continentales no se prestan a conclusiones de valor biogeográfico. [...]
47 pages, 9 figures, 10 tables
Peer reviewed
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