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handle: 10261/164983
[ES]: La creciente demanda de triglicéridos (TAGs) junto con las limitaciones de su actual modelo de obtención ha motivado importantes esfuerzos de investigación hacia alternativas sostenibles para su producción. En este trabajo estudiamos las rutas metabólicas implicadas en la acumulación de TAG en microorganismos, centrándonos en dos importantes aplicaciones de estos lípidos neutros: la producción de biodiesel y suplementos específicos para la salud humana. Con el propósito de profundizar en la reacción catalizada por las enzimas WS/DGAT, responsables del último paso en la biosíntesis de TAG, este trabajo aborda el proceso realizado en la bacteria Escherichia coli genéticamente modificada para expresar proteínas de esta familia (sobretodo tDGAT, de Thermomonospora curvata), calculando el rendimiento de producción y analizando la composición en ácidos grasos de los lípidos producidos. Además, creamos una cepa de E.coli capaz de producir simultáneamente ácidos grasos poliinsaturados ω-3 y TAG, sentando las bases para el desarrollo de nuevos y eficientes procesos de producción de estas valiosas moléculas.
[EN]: The increasing demand for triacylglycerols (TAGs) together with the unsustainability of its traditional obtainment has motivated strong research efforts towards alternative processes for its generation. In this work we study the metabolic pathways leading to TAG accumulation in microorganisms and focus on two important applications of these neutral lipids: biodiesel production and supplements for human health. With the general purpose of widening our knowledge on the reaction catalysed by the enzymes WS/DGAT, reported to be responsible for the last step in the TAG biosynthetic pathway, this work address the process carried out in genetically engineered Escherichia coli bacteria expressing proteins from this family (especially tDGAT, from Thermomonospora curvata-), estimating the TAG production yield and analysing the fatty acid composition of the lipids produced by the recombinant strain. Moreover, we created a E.coli strain able to simultaneously generate ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and TAGs, paving the way for developing a novel process for the production of these treasured molecules.
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