The Orthoptera (sens. lat.), long favorite types for classroom study, llave had much written about their mouthparts. Laboratorv manuals and textbooks account for many published descriptions, though their focus is not aimed at either Orthoptera or mouthparts. Other descriptions are contained within various formal reports which discuss the mouthparts and sometimes the general morphology of given species or groups. These papers are not cited because of limitations of space. It is sufficient to note that they contribute to an improved knowledge of range of form within the order but seldom discuss function. Still other reports are essentially comparative anatomical treatments dealing entirely or in part with mouthparts of Orthoptera. These include papers by Crampton (1916, 1921, 1923, 1928) (insect head and mouthpart structure); Snodgrass (1928, 1935, 1951) (general insect morphology) ; Golden (1926) (the mandibles and maxillae in representative Orthoptera); Cook (1944) (the clypeus and labrum in selected insect groups); Walker (1931) (the clypeus and labium in selected insects); Walker (1933) (comparison of the Grylloblatta head and mouthparts with those of other Orthoptera); and Yuasa (1920) (the classic survey of head and mouthpart structure in Orthoptera).

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