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handle: 10261/160428
[ES] La organización en España de una política exterior cultural fue un proceso que empezó en la primera década del siglo XX. Los principales protagonistas fueron los intelectuales reformistas, convencidos que era necesaria una abertura cultural para lograr la regeneración del país y su acercamiento a las grandes potencias europeas. La Guerra Civil Española cambió la evolución de esta abertura cultural. El regimen de Franco puso la política exterior cultural a disposición de los objetivos internacionales. Al principio fue utilizada para favorecer una mejor cooperación con las potencias del Eje. En un segundo momento sirvió para alejarse de él y acercarse a los paises anglo-sajones ganadores del segundo conflicto mundial. La política cultural fue, al final, una manera para contrastar el aislamiento internacional, para lograr el apoyo de los círculos católicos y conservadores de los otros países y para contribuir a legitimar ideológicamente el Franquismo en el extranjero. Dentro de este proceso, Latino América siempre tuvo un papel predominante y actuó como caja de resonancia para las correcciones de la política exterior en campo cultural.
[EN] The organization in Spain of a cultural foreign policy was a process which began during the first decades of the XXth century. Their principal protagonists were reformist intelectuals, persuaded that the cultural opening was necessary in order to obtain the regeneration of the country and its approachment to the European great powers. The Spanish Civil War changed the evolution of this cultural opening. The Franco’s Regimen placed the cultural foreign policy at the disposal of its international objectives. At the beginning it was used to favour a best concurrence with the Axis powers. Later served to move away from them to approach to Anglo-Saxon nations, victorious at the Second World War. The cultural policy was, finally, a way to face up to the international isolation, to obtain the support of the catholic and conservatives circles of other countries, and to contribute to the ideo- logical legitimation of the Franquism abroad. Inside this process, Latin-America always had an outstanding role and acted as a soundbox of the adjustments of the cultural dimension to the foreign policy
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