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handle: 10261/158348
[ES]: Introducción: la lactancia materna (LM) previene numerosas enfermedades, tanto del niño como de la madre, y previene la obesidad del niño, tanto en la infancia, como en las demás etapas de la vida. Objetivo: El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática es analizar el valor de la lactancia materna como factor protector frente al sobrepeso y la obesidad infantil y edades futuras. Método: Se ha efectuado una búsqueda sistemática y se han obtenido más de 100 documentos diferentes sobre el tema. Aplicando los límites expuestos, los documentos empleados en la memoria del TFG se reducen a más de la mitad de los documentos consultados. Resultados: Según la mayoría de los artículos analizados, existe una relación causal entre la LM y la prevención de la obesidad infantil. Discusión/conclusión: En los diferentes estudios se ha podido verificar que los máximos beneficios de la LM frente a la malnutrición por exceso se obtienen cuando su duración es mayor de 6 meses. La leche materna es un factor protector frente al sobrepeso y la obesidad debido a su composición única, tanto en sus componentes nutricionales (cantidad de proteínas, hidratos de carbono y grasas), como en sus componentes biológicos (hormonas).
[EN]: Introduction: Breastfeeding (LM) has been shown to be protective against many diseases in the child and the mother, and among them, it prevents obesity in early and late childhood. Objective: a systematic review of the protective effect of breastfeeding against obesity in early and late childhood. Methods: we conducted a systematic literature search on this subject and obtained more than 100 documents. After applying the exclusion criteria we ended up with more than half of those polled documents. Results: according to most of the articles analyzed, there is a causal relationship between breastfeeding and prevention of childhood obesity. Discussion / conclusion: in the various studies explored, it has been observed that the maximum benefits of breastfeeding are obtained when its duration is longer than 6 months. Human milk has a protective effect on child overweight and obesity due to its unique composition: both its nutritional components (amount of protein, carbohydrates and fats), and biological components (hormones).
Grado en Enfermería
Peer Reviewed
Lactancia materna, Obesidad - Prevención
Lactancia materna, Obesidad - Prevención
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