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Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from the latest Turolian localities (MN 13; Late Miocene) of central and northern Italy

Authors: Pandolfi L.; Rook L.;

Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from the latest Turolian localities (MN 13; Late Miocene) of central and northern Italy

Abstract

[IT] Rispetto ad altre aree d’Europa, i resti di rinoceronti fossili miocenici in Italia sono piuttosto scarsi e poco conosciuti. In questo lavoro vengono descritti e comparati in dettaglio resti di rinoceronte rinvenuti in località del Miocene terminale (MN 13) dell’Italia centrale e settentrionale. I resti di rinoceronte provengono da quattro località: Moncucco Torinese (Piemonte), Verduno (Piemonte), Baccinello V3 (Toscana) e Cava Monticino (Emilia Romagna). Gli esemplari considerati in questo lavoro includono denti isolati (premolari e molari superiori e inferiori), un mascellare quasi completo con I1 e P2-M3, una mandibola frammentaria, p2-p4, uno scafoide ed una tibia danneggiata. Pochi esemplari (denti isolati da Verduno e Moncucco Torinese ed una tibia danneggiata da Baccinello V3) sono stati attribuiti come Rhinocerotini indet. poichè non mostrano caratteristiche mofologiche utili per una discriminazione a livello di genere o specie. Altri resti (ad esempio il mascellare di Baccinello V3 ed i denti superiori isolati di Cava Monticino) sono stati assegnati alla specie “Dihoplus” megarhinus sulla base di diversi caratteri morfologici. I denti di Cava Monticino mostrano alcuni caratteri più evoluti rispetto a quanto osservato negli esemplari di “D.” megarhinus da Baccinello V3, Kávás e altre località mioceniche. Tali caratteri sono stati osservati in alcuni denti isolati rinvenuti nel sito di Montpellier, cronologicamente riferito al Pliocene Inferiore. “D.” megarhinus era considerato un taxon tipico del Pliocene, ma la specie è stata recentemente segnalata nelle associazioni a mammiferi del Miocene terminale (MN 12 e MN 13) del Bacino Pannonico. La comparsa di “D.” megarhinus nel Turoliano terminale in Italia conferma la presenza di questa specie in Europa nel corso del Miocene Superiore e suggerisce una dispersione di taxa dell’Europa Orientale verso Occidente e la Penisola Italiana durante la MN 13 così come testimoniato anche da altri elementi faunistici quali Hippotherium, Prolagus sorbinii e Hansdebruijnia sp.

[EN] Latest Miocene (MN 13) rhinoceroses from central and northern Italian localities are here described and compared in detail. Rhinoceros specimens have been collected from four localities (Moncucco Torinese, Verduno, Baccinello V3 and Monticino Quarry) and consist of isolated teeth (upper and lower premolars and molars), an almost complete maxilla with I1 and P2-M3, a fragmentary mandible, a p2-p4, a scaphoid and a damaged tibia. A few specimens (isolated teeth from Verduno and Moncucco Torinese and a fragmentary tibia from Baccinello V3) have been generally referred to as Rhinocerotini indet. whilst other remains have been assigned to the species “Dihoplus” megarhinus based on several morphological characters. “D.” megarhinus has been considered a typical Pliocene species, nevertheless it has been recently recorded in several Late Miocene (MN 12 and MN 13) mammal assemblages of the Pannonian Basin. The occurrence of “D.” megarhinus in the latest Turolian of Italy confirms the presence of this species during the Late Miocene in Europe and suggests a dispersal of eastern European taxa in western Europe and Italy during the MN 13 as also testified by other taxa such as Hippotherium, Prolagus sorbinii and Hansdebruijnia sp.

LP thanks the European Commission’s Research Infrastructure Action, EU-SYNTHESYS project AT-TAF-2550, DE-TAF-3049, GB-TAF-2825, HU-TAF-3593, ES-TAF-2997; part of this research received support from the SYNTHESYS Project http://www.synthesys.info/ which is financed by European Community Research Infrastructure Action under the FP7 “Capacities” Program.

Peer reviewed

Country
Italy
Related Organizations
Keywords

Dihoplus megarhinus, Morphology, “Dihoplus” megarhinus, Teeth, Postcrania, Latest Miocene; Morphology; Paleobiogeography; Postcrania; Teeth; “Dihoplus” megarhinus, Latest Miocene, Paleobiogeography

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
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Green