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La importancia de los intereses académicos en la política científica y tecnológica catalana

Authors: Cruz Castro, Laura; Fernández Mellizo-Soto, María; Sanz Menéndez, Luis;

La importancia de los intereses académicos en la política científica y tecnológica catalana

Abstract

Este artículo describe la emergencia y orientación de las políticas de I+D e innovación en Cataluña. Se analizan cuáles son los factores más influyentes en la orientación de estas políticas y, en definitiva, en las opciones políticas que se toman. La política de ciencia y tecnología desarrollada por el gobierno regional catalán desde principios de los años ochenta ha sido una política en la que, a pesar de las preferencias manifestadas en el discurso político, ha predominado un modelo de política académico sobre el de orientación empresarial. Asimismo, en términos organizativos e institucionales, en la Administración autonómica, la política científica ha estado separada y diferenciada de la política tecnológica a pesar del diseño inicial de instituciones interdepartamentales. La principal razón de que la política de I+D catalana no siguiera un modelo más industrial, ligado al mundo empresarial, fue la presión que ejercieron las universidades catalanas para que, tanto el diseño institucional como el contenido de la política se adaptara a sus necesidades. La trayectoria académica previa de los gestores también contribuyó a la reorientación de las preferencias políticas. A pesar de la importancia de las empresas catalanas en la I+D, éstas no se movilizaron ni presionaron a los gobiernos suficientemente. Analíticamente, este caso ilustra cómo la sola creación política de instituciones no garantiza la realización de las preferencias políticas. También pone de manifiesto cómo el horizonte temporal de la toma de decisiones gubernamental tiene un efecto en las expectativas de los actores, que desarrollan procesos de aprendizaje a partir de las experiencias en arenas políticas similares a otros niveles. Por último, destaca la importancia del poder en las instituciones de gestión en este tipo de política distributiva. This paper describes the emergence and orientation of R&D and innovation policies in Catalonia. The factors with a greater explanatory power about the orientation of these policies are also analised. The research and technology policy developed by the Catalonian government since the beginning of the eighties has been, despite the preferences revealed by the political discourse, one in which an academic model has been predominant over a pro-business one. In the same way, in organisational and institutional terms, research and technology policies have belonged to separate and independent administrative domains, despite the initial creation of inter-departamental institutions within the regional administration. The main reason why Catalonian R&D policy has not followed a pro-business model, was the strong pressure that Catalonian Universities showed, in order to get both institutional designs and policy contents which favoured them and which matched their needs. The previous academic background of policy makers contributed in the same direction. In spite of the relevance of firms in the Catalonian R&D scene, these actors did not either mobilise or pressure governments sufficiently. From an analytical point of view, this case illustrates how the political creation of institutions is not a sufficient condition for the advancement of political preferences. It also makes clear how the time framework of political decision making has an effect on actors' expectations, who develop learning processes from experiences in similar political arenas at different levels. Lastly, it shows how, within these type of distributive policies, decision power within management institutions becomes very important.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

I D, Science and technology policy, innovación, Catalonia, R&D, intereses, Social Sciences, Investigación científica y desarrollo, Institutions, HM401-1281, H, Innovación, Política científica y tecnológica, políticas científica y tecnológica, Intereses, Cataluña, Sociology (General), Interests, Instituciones, Innovation, instituciones, Políticas científica y tecnológica, I+D

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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