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Efecto de las citocinas en la neurogénesis endógena de la zona subventricular en condiciones fisiológicas

Authors: Perpiñá Martin, Unai;

Efecto de las citocinas en la neurogénesis endógena de la zona subventricular en condiciones fisiológicas

Abstract

En el cerebro postnatal se produce regularmente neurogénesis endógena en áreas concretas; estas áreas comprenden mayoritariamente la zona subventricular (SVZ) y el giro dentado (DG). En el cerebro adulto, los astrocitos de la SVZ tienen características de célula madre neural, por su poder de auto-renovación, proliferación y diferenciación tanto hacia el linaje neural como hacia el linaje glial. Las células madre neurales se regulan por multitud de señales moleculares y celulares del nicho neurogénico, sin embargo, se conoce muy poco acerca de los mecanismos moleculares que regulan la neurogénesis endógena tanto en condiciones fisiológicas como patológicas. El conocimiento básico de los fenómenos que regulan la proliferación, diferenciación y funcionalidad de las neuronas generadas de novo de manera endógena en el cerebro postnatal es necesario para la futura aplicabilidad de la neurogénesis endógena como terapia celular. El objetivo principal de la presente tesis doctoral ha sido estudiar el efecto de dos citocinas sobre la neurogénesis endógena en condiciones fisiológicas. El IFNγ y la IL-10 son citocinas proinflamatorias y antinflamatorias respectivamente que se expresan en condiciones fisiológicas en muy bajas concentraciones, incrementando considerablemente sus niveles en situaciones patológicas asociadas a procesos inflamatorios. Empleando una metodología in vitro y estudios in vivo pudimos obtener resultados a cerca del efecto que ejercen las citocinas en estudio sobre el comportamiento de las células madre neurales en el nicho neurogénico de la SVZ y sobre la neurogénesis adulta en condiciones fisiológicas.

In the postnatal brain endogenous neurogenesis occurs regularly in specific areas; these areas mostly comprise the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the dentate gyrus (DG). In the adult brain, astrocytes located in SVZ have characteristics of neural stem cell, by its power of self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation into neural and glial lineage. Neural stem cells are regulated by a multitude of molecular and cellular signals in the neurogenic niche, however, very little are known about the molecular mechanisms that regulate endogenous neurogenesis in both physiological and pathological conditions. Basic knowledge of the phenomena that regulate the proliferation, differentiation and function of neurons generated de novo endogenously in the postnatal brain is necessary for future applicability of endogenous neurogenesis and cellular therapy. The main objective of this thesis was to study the effect of two cytokines on endogenous neurogenesis in physiological conditions. IFNy and IL-10 are respectively proinflammatory and cytokines anti-inflammatory expressed under physiological conditions in very low concentrations, greatly increasing its levels in pathological conditions associated with inflammatory processes. Using in vitro and in vivo methodology we obtained results about IFNy and IL-10 effect on the behavior of neural stem cells in the SVZ and on adult neurogenesis under physiological conditions.

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Spain
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Keywords

Neurobiologia del desenvolupament, 616.8, Células madre, Neurobiología del desarrollo, Neurociencias, Neurosciences, Neurociències, Developmental neurobiology, Stem cells, Cèl·lules mare, Ciències de la Salut

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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