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Composición química de aceites de las variedades Arbequina y Empeltre cultivadas en regadío

Authors: Gracia, María Soledad; Royo, Antonio; Guillén, Mónica;

Composición química de aceites de las variedades Arbequina y Empeltre cultivadas en regadío

Abstract

[ES] Este trabajo analiza la composición de aceites de árboles jóvenes de las variedades Arbequina y Empeltre cultivados en regadío en una misma finca. Durante tres campañas se estudiaron los parámetros de calidad, la composición en ácidos grasos, los esteroles, las ceras y los alcoholes alifáticos. Aunque la calidad de los aceites de las dos variedades fue la de virgen extra se encontraron diferencias varietales. El índice de peróxidos y los polifenoles totales tuvieron valores muy superiores en la variedad Empeltre, sin embargo la estabilidad fue mayor en Arbequina. El total de ácidos monoinsaturados fue mayor en Arbequina y el de poliinsaturados en Empeltre. Arbequina contenía más esteárico, oleico, araquídico y behénico que Empeltre, en tanto que en esta variedad era mayor en palmítico, margaroleico, linoleico, linolénico, gadoleico y lignocérico. La composición esterólica fue también diferente en las dos variedades, con mayores contenidos de 24-metilencolesterol, campesterol y, especialmente en ∆-5 Avenasterol en Arbequina, y de campestanol, ∆-7 Estigmastenol, ∆-7 Avenasterol en Empeltre. Tanto el contenido en ceras como el de alcoholes alifáticos fueron mayores en Arbequina.

[EN] This study examines the composition of oils extracted from young olive trees of the Arbequina and Empeltre varieties grown with irrigation in the same farm throughout a period of three seasons. Quality parameters, Fatty acid composition, sterols, waxes and aliphatic alcohols were analyzed. Although the quality of oils of both varieties was that of extra virgin, varietal differences were found. The peroxide value and the content of total polyphenols were much higher in Empeltre, whereas stability was higher in Arbequina. The monounsaturated acids were higher in Arbequina containing more stearic, oleic, arachidic and behenic acids than Empeltre, while this variety surpassed Arbequina in palmitic, margaroleic, linoleic, linolenic, gadoleic and lignoceric acids. The sterol composition was also different in the two varieties with higher contents of 24-methylencholesterol, campesterol and, especially, ∆-5 avenasterol in Arbequina, and campestanol, ∆-7 stigmastenol, ∆-7 Avenasterol in Empeltre. The contents of both waxes and aliphatic alcohols were higher in Arbequina.

9 Pags.- 5 Tabls.- 2 Figs. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Spain (CC-by).

Este trabajo fue financiado por INIA (Proyectos RTA01-001 y RTA04-050).

Peer reviewed

Keywords

Sterols, Quality parameters, Ceras, Parámetros de Calidad, Waxes, Esteroles, Alcoholes alifáticos, Aliphatic alcohols, Fatty acids, Ácidos grasos

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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