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Origin of the large dispersion of magnetic properties in nanostructured oxides: FexO/Fe3O4nanoparticles as a case study

أصل التشتت الكبير للخصائص المغناطيسية في الأكاسيد ذات البنية النانوية: الحديدxO/Fe3O4جسيمات نانوية كدراسة حالة
Authors: Marta Estrader; Alberto López‐Ortega; I. V. Golosovsky; Sònia Estradé; Alejandro G. Roca; Germán Salazar-Álvarez; Lluís López‐Conesa; +15 Authors

Origin of the large dispersion of magnetic properties in nanostructured oxides: FexO/Fe3O4nanoparticles as a case study

Abstract

La relation intime entre la stœchiométrie et les propriétés physico-chimiques des oxydes de métaux de transition les rend attrayants en tant que matériaux accordables. Ces caractéristiques s'exacerbent lorsqu'il s'agit de nanostructures. Cependant, en raison de la complexité des matériaux à l'échelle nanométrique, il est souvent compliqué d'établir une relation distincte entre la morphologie de la structure et les fonctionnalités. À cet égard, dans le système FexO/Fe3O4, une large dispersion largement inexpliquée des propriétés magnétiques a été observée. Nous montrons ici, grâce à une approche multi-technique complète, une corrélation claire entre les propriétés magnétostructurales dans les grandes (45 nm) et les petites (9 nm) nanoparticules FexO/Fe3O4 cœur/enveloppe qui peuvent expliquer la propagation des comportements magnétiques. Les résultats révèlent que si le noyau FexO dans les grosses nanoparticules est antiferromagnétique et a une stoechiométrie et des paramètres de cellules unitaires semblables à ceux du vrac, le noyau FexO dans les petites particules est hautement non stoechiométrique et contraint, ne présentant aucun antiferromagnétisme significatif. Ces résultats soulignent l'importance d'une caractérisation ample pour bien comprendre les propriétés des oxydes métalliques nanostructurés.

La íntima relación entre la estequiometría y las propiedades fisicoquímicas en los óxidos de metales de transición los hace atractivos como materiales sintonizables. Estas características se agravan cuando se trata de nanoestructuras. Sin embargo, debido a la complejidad de los materiales a nanoescala, establecer una relación distinta entre estructura-morfología y funcionalidades a menudo es complicado. En este sentido, en el sistema FexO/Fe3O4 se ha observado una amplia dispersión en gran medida inexplicable de las propiedades magnéticas. Aquí mostramos, gracias a un enfoque multitécnico integral, una clara correlación entre las propiedades magnetoestructurales en nanopartículas de núcleo/cubierta de FexO/Fe3O4 grandes (45 nm) y pequeñas (9 nm) que pueden explicar la propagación de comportamientos magnéticos. Los resultados revelan que, si bien el núcleo de FexO en las nanopartículas grandes es antiferromagnético y tiene una estequiometría similar a la masa y parámetros de celda unitaria, el núcleo de FexO en las partículas pequeñas es altamente no estequiométrico y deformado, sin mostrar antiferromagnetismo significativo. Estos resultados resaltan la importancia de una amplia caracterización para comprender completamente las propiedades de los óxidos metálicos nanoestructurados.

The intimate relationship between stoichiometry and physicochemical properties in transition-metal oxides makes them appealing as tunable materials. These features become exacerbated when dealing with nanostructures. However, due to the complexity of nanoscale materials, establishing a distinct relationship between structure-morphology and functionalities is often complicated. In this regard, in the FexO/Fe3O4 system a largely unexplained broad dispersion of magnetic properties has been observed. Here we show, thanks to a comprehensive multi-technique approach, a clear correlation between the magneto-structural properties in large (45 nm) and small (9 nm) FexO/Fe3O4 core/shell nanoparticles that can explain the spread of magnetic behaviors. The results reveal that while the FexO core in the large nanoparticles is antiferromagnetic and has bulk-like stoichiometry and unit-cell parameters, the FexO core in the small particles is highly non-stoichiometric and strained, displaying no significant antiferromagnetism. These results highlight the importance of ample characterization to fully understand the properties of nanostructured metal oxides.

العلاقة الحميمة بين قياس الكيمياء المتكافئة والخصائص الفيزيائية الكيميائية في أكاسيد المعادن الانتقالية تجعلها جذابة كمواد قابلة للضبط. تتفاقم هذه الميزات عند التعامل مع الهياكل النانوية. ومع ذلك، نظرًا لتعقيد المواد النانوية، غالبًا ما يكون إنشاء علاقة واضحة بين البنية والمورفولوجيا والوظائف أمرًا معقدًا. في هذا الصدد، لوحظ في نظام FexO/Fe3O4 تشتت واسع غير مفسر إلى حد كبير للخصائص المغناطيسية. نوضح هنا، بفضل نهج شامل متعدد التقنيات، وجود علاقة واضحة بين الخصائص المغناطيسية الهيكلية في الجسيمات النانوية الكبيرة (45 نانومتر) والصغيرة (9 نانومتر) FexO/Fe3O4 الأساسية/الصدفية التي يمكن أن تفسر انتشار السلوكيات المغناطيسية. تكشف النتائج أنه في حين أن نواة FexO في الجسيمات النانوية الكبيرة مضادة للمغناطيسية ولها قياس متكافئ شبيه بالكتلة ومعلمات خلية الوحدة، فإن نواة FexO في الجسيمات الصغيرة غير متكافئة ومتوترة للغاية، ولا تظهر أي مغناطيسية مضادة للمغناطيسية كبيرة. تسلط هذه النتائج الضوء على أهمية التوصيف الواسع لفهم خصائص أكاسيد المعادن ذات البنية النانوية بشكل كامل.

Countries
Argentina, Spain, Spain, Spain
Keywords

Nanostructure, Nanoscopic scale, Exchange Bias, Magnetic Properties, Chemical physics, Materials Science, Synthesis and Applications of Ferrite Nanoparticles, Multiferroic and Magnetoelectric Materials, Antiferromagnetism, Nanoparticle, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3, Magnetic properties, Materials Chemistry, Nanotechnology, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1, Òxids, Bimagnetic Nanoparticles, Solar Water Splitting Technology, FOS: Nanotechnology, Energy, Nanopartícules, Propietats magnètiques, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Metal, Physics, Oxides, Optics, Condensed matter physics, Stoichiometry, Materials science, Dispersion (optics), Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Nanostructures, Chemistry, Physical chemistry, Nanomagnetism, Physical Sciences, Metallurgy, Core/Shell, Nanoparticles, Characterization (materials science), Nanostructured oxides

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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