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Absence of core autophagy gene expression in an ex vivo central nervous system model infected with Listeria monocytogenes

Authors: Valdizán, Elsa M.; Ramos-Vivas, José;

Absence of core autophagy gene expression in an ex vivo central nervous system model infected with Listeria monocytogenes

Abstract

[ES]: Estudios recientes han evidenciado que la autofagia puede actuar como un mecanismo inmune protector frente a la infección con Listeria monocytogenes. L. monocytogenes es una bacteria grampositiva, intracelular facultativa, que causa enfermedades invasivas en humanos y animales, especialmente en el sistema nervioso central (SNC). La listeriosis humana en el SNC puede manifestarse de diferentes maneras, incluyendo meningitis y abscesos cerebrales. La línea principal de defensa frente a las infecciones bacterianas es proporcionada por la microglía, fagocitos residentes del parénquima del SNC. Las células de microglía son conocidas, también, por eliminar las células dañadas o muertas tras un daño cerebral, y por lo tanto desempeñan un papel clave en las enfermedades infecciosas y neurodegenerativas. Se sabe poco sobre el papel de la autofagia en las interacciones entre el hospedador y el patógeno, debido a que la mayoría de los estudios in vitro han usado macrófagos o células epiteliales. En el presente trabajo hemos utilizado matrices de PCR en tiempo real para analizar la expresión de genes de autofagia en un modelo organotípico de cerebro de rata infectado con L. monocytogenes. Hemos observado que, en general, la expresión de genes centrales de la autofagia no está modulada por la infección, a pesar de la presencia de una intensa actividad fagocítica de la microglía en la superficie del tejido cerebral, observada mediante microscopia electrónica de barrido. Concluimos que, en nuestro modelo, la autofagia podría desempeñar un papel clave en la homeostasis del tejido dañado en lugar de tener un papel inmune relevante.

[EN]: Recent studies have suggested that autophagy can act as a protective immune mechanism against Listeria monocytogenes infection. L. monocytogenes is a Gram-positive, facultative intracellular bacterium that causes invasive diseases in humans and animals, particularly in the central nervous system (CNS). Human listeriosis of the CNS can manifest in many ways, including meningitis and brain abscesses. The initial line of defence against bacterial colonisation is provided by microglia, resident phagocytes of the CNS parenchyma. Microglial cells are also well known for clearing dead and dying neural cells after injury, and therefore play a key role in infectious diseases and neurodegeneration. Little is known about the role of the autophagy pathway in host-pathogen interactions in the brain as most in vitro studies have used macrophages or epithelial cells to study this interaction. In the present work, a quantitative real time-PCR array analysis was performed to assess autophagy-related gene expression in a brain rat ex vivo organotypic nervous system model during L. monocytogenes infection. We found that, in brief, core autophagy gene expression is not modulated by the infection, despite the presence of intense microglial phagocytic activity on the brain tissue surface that can be seen by scanning electron microscopy. We conclude that, in our model, autophagy could play a role in homeostasis in the damaged brain tissue instead of an immune-relevant pathway.

SRM holds a research contract from the Instituto de Formación e Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IFIMAV). JRV holds a Miguel Servet contract for Young Researchers from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain. The Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PS: CP08/100) and the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS: PS09/00466) provide the financial support for this study and grants to JRV. EMV was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (grants SAF07-61862 and SAF2011-25020). JMI was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (grant CGL2008-04559/BOS).

Peer Reviewed

et al.

Keywords

Organotypic cultures, Sistema nervioso central, Central nervous system, Autophagy, Cultivos organotípicos, Autofagia, Gene expression, Listeria monocytogenes, Expresión génica

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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